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问题:

For example, I'd like to do something like the following:

.myRedPath {
    fillcolor: red;
}

...

<v:path class="myRedPath" v="..."/>

to fill my paths with a red color. Is this possible with the color and opacity of the fill and stroke attributes for VML elements? If so, how?

回答1:

As mentioned in other answers, you may use DHMTL behaviors to apply any style specified in your style sheet to your VML element as behaviors are supported from IE5 to IE9.

Start by creating a HTC file, eg: vmlcss.htc:

<PUBLIC:COMPONENT>
<PUBLIC:ATTACH EVENT="onpropertychange" ONEVENT="onpropertychange()" />
<PUBLIC:METHOD NAME="refresh" />
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JScript">

    function onpropertychange()
    {
        if (event.propertyName == "className")
        {
            refresh();
        }
    }

    function refresh()
    {
        // Set any VML attribute you may define in your stylesheet
        element.fillcolor = element.currentStyle["fillcolor"];
        element.strokecolor = element.currentStyle["strokecolor"];
        // etc.
    }

    refresh();

</SCRIPT>
</PUBLIC:COMPONENT>

Then apply it to your VML elements. For your particular example, you would use:

<style>
    v\:path
    {
        behavior: url(vmlcss.htc);
    }
</style>

Finally, specify the styles as shown in your example:

.myRedPath
{
    fillcolor: red;
    strokecolor: yellow;
}

You may want to modify the behavior file to add support for all VML attributes.

One could use such a technique to write a library that draws shapes using VML or SVG (depending on the browser support) and allows styling through CSS. Support for SVG styles could then be added to the VML objects using such a behavior file by mapping each SVG style to the corresponding VML attributes.

回答2:

In IE7, you can do following:

vml\:polyline
{
  strokecolor: expression(this.strokecolor = "red");
  fillcolor: expression(this.fillcolor = "green");
}

But it doesn't work in IE8+ Standards mode, so not really that much useful.

回答3:

VML uses attributes instead of CSS properties, so the only way to reference them in a style sheet is to add another behavior URL which references a htc which sets attribute values. Otherwise, use a HTML element to wrap the VML element and add the background color to it:

<!doctype html>
<html xmlns:v xmlns:svg='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Lightbox Simple</title>
    <style type="text/css">
    /* Hide scrollbars */
    /*html, body { overflow: hidden; }*/

    /*modal input*/
    .trigger { display:inline-block; }

    /* Hide modal transparency */
    .dialog, .film { position:absolute; left:-7777px; z-index:2; }

    /* modal output */
    a.trigger:hover .dialog { display: block; left:50%; top:50%; width:500px; border: 1px solid #fff; }
    a.trigger:hover .film { left: -3333px; top:-3333px; width:7777px; height:7777px; opacity: .7; background-color: #000; z-index: 3;}

    /* modal content */
    .visible { display: inline-block; background-color: #999; position:absolute; width: 200px; z-index: 4;}

    /* modal off switch */
    .closer { z-index:4; position:absolute; top:0; right:20px; display:block; background-color: #fff; color: #fff; width:0; }

    .placeholder { position:absolute; top:0; left:0; }
    @media,
        {
        v\:rect,v\:fill { behavior:url(#default#VML);}

        .vml_bg
        {
        position:absolute;
        left:0;
        top:0;
        width:100%;
        height:100%;
        }

        a.trigger:hover .film { width: 0; }

        .vml_wrap {
        position:absolute;
        left:0;
        top:0;
        width:0;
        height:0;
        display:inline-block;
        }
        a.trigger:hover { visibility: visible; }

        a.trigger:hover .vml_wrap{ width:7777px; height:7777px; }
        }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <p>hey</p>
    <span class="closer">X</span>
    <a href="#" class="trigger">
        you
        <span class="vml_wrap"><v:rect fillcolor="black" class="vml_bg"><v:fill opacity="0.5" /></v:rect></span>
        <span class="dialog">
            <span class="visible">hi</span>
            <span class="film">
            </span>
        </span>
    </a>
  </body>
</html>