Open Browser window from Java program

问题:

Question

I have an application written in Java. It is designed to run on a Linux box standalone. I am trying to spawn a new firefox window. However, firefox never opens. It always has a shell exit code of 1. I can run this same code with gnome-terminal and it opens fine.

Background

So, here is its initialization process:

1. Start X "Xorg :1 -br -terminate -dpms -quiet vt7"
2. Start Window Manager "metacity --display=:1 --replace"
3. Configure resources "xrdb -merge /etc/X11/Xresources"
4. Become a daemon and disconnect from controlling terminal

Once the program is up an running, there is a button the user can click that should spawn a firefox window. Here is my code to do that. Remember X is running on display :1.

Code

public boolean openBrowser()
{
  try {
    Process oProc = Runtime.getRuntime().exec( "/usr/bin/firefox --display=:1" );
    int bExit = oProc.waitFor();  // This is always 1 for some reason

    return true;

  } catch ( Exception e ) {
    oLogger.log( Level.WARNING, "Open Browser", e );
    return false;
  }
}

回答1:

after having read the various answers and various comments(from questioner), here's what I would do

1) try this java approach http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/java/lang/ProcessBuilder.html

ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("myCommand", "myArg1", "myArg2");
Map<String, String> env = pb.environment();
env.put("VAR1", "myValue");
env.remove("OTHERVAR");
env.put("VAR2", env.get("VAR1") + "suffix");
pb.directory("myDir");
Process p = pb.start();

see more about this class:

http://java.sun.com/developer/JDCTechTips/2005/tt0727.html#2
http://www.javabeat.net/tips/8-using-the-new-process-builder-class.html

2) try doing this(launching firefox) from C/C++/ruby/python and see if that is succeeding.

3) if all else fails, I would launch a shell program and that shell program would launch firefox!!

回答2:

If you can narrow it down to Java 6, you can use the desktop API:

http://java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/J2SE/Desktop/javase6/desktop_api/

Should look something like:

    if (Desktop.isDesktopSupported()) {
        Desktop desktop = Desktop.getDesktop();
        if (desktop.isSupported(Desktop.Action.BROWSE)) {
            try {
                desktop.browse(new URI("http://localhost"));
            }
            catch(IOException ioe) {
                ioe.printStackTrace();
            }
            catch(URISyntaxException use) {
                use.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

回答3:

Use BrowserLauncher.

Invoking it is very easy, just go

new BrowserLauncher().openURLinBrowser("http://www.google.com");

回答4:

You might have better luck if you read and display the standard output/error streams, so you can catch any error message firefox may print.

回答5:

try {
     String url = "http://www.google.com";
     java.awt.Desktop.getDesktop().browse(java.net.URI.create(url));
} catch (java.io.IOException e) {
     System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}