PyInstaller packaged application works fine in Con

问题:

I am building a fairly complex application using Python and PySide. Finally the day of the release is nearing so I want to build this application as an exe.

However, I have a strange problem on my hands. I've used PyInstaller (using version 2 by the way) in the past and never had this happened to me.

Basically, when I build the application with the --console flag, it works fine - but it opens the console window. When I build the application with the window flag (-w), it doesn't work fine. It starts and everything, but there are all these weird glitches. For example, loading a text file often raises the BadFileDescriptor error (which doesn't happen in console mode), and the application crashes after performing a certain task. What's worse is that the task is a loop, and it performs fine the first time, but when it starts working again, it crashes.

When I looked at the minidump file there were some errors about memory access violation of QtGui4.dll file. Again, this doesn't happen in console mode.

Anyone have any ideas?

回答1:

The BadFileDescriptor error and the consequently memory access violation are caused by the fact that the stdout of applications in windowed mode is a fixed size buffer. So, if you have are writing to stdout, either with print or sys.stdout directly, after some time you'd see those errors.

You can fix this by:

1. Removing/commenting out the writings on stdout
2. Using logging instead of printing to stdout
3. Redirecting stdout at the beginning of the execution of your application. This is the solution that requires less code to be changed, even though I think moving the debugging statements to logging would be the better choice.

To redirect stdout you can use this kind of code:

import sys
import tempfile
sys.stdout = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
sys.stderr = tempfile.TemporaryFile()

Just before executing your program. You can use also some custom object to put the output in "log" files or whatever, the important thing is that the output should not fill the fixed size buffer.

For example you could do something like this to be able to take advantage of the logging module without changing too much code:

import sys
import logging

debug_logger = logging.getLogger('debug')
debug_logger.write = debug_logger.debug    #consider all prints as debug information
debug_logger.flush = lambda: None   # this may be called when printing
#debug_logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)      #activate debug logger output
sys.stdout = debug_logger

The downside of this approach is that print executes more calls to stdout.write for each line:

>>> print 'test'
DEBUG:debug:test
DEBUG:debug:

If you want you can probably avoid this kind of behaviour writing a real write function that calls the_logger.debug only with "full lines".

Anyway I think these kind of solution should only be temporary, and be used only before porting the prints to calls to logging.debug.

(Obviously the loggers should write to a file and not to stdout to avoid the errors.)