C++ Extract int from string using stringstream

问题:

I am trying to write a short line that gets a string using getline and checks it for an int using stringstream. I am having trouble with how to check if the part of the string being checked is an int. I've looked up how to do this, but most seem to throw exceptions - I need it to keep going until it hits an int.

Later I will adjust to account for a string that doesn't contain any ints, but for now any ideas on how to get past this part?

(For now, I'm just inputting a test string rather than use getline each time.)

int main() {

    std::stringstream ss;
    std::string input = "a b c 4 e";

    ss.str("");
    ss.clear();

    ss << input;

    int found;
    std::string temp = "";

    while(!ss.eof()) {
            ss >> temp;
            // if temp not an int
                    ss >> temp; // keep iterating
            } else {
                    found = std::stoi(temp); // convert to int
            }
    }

    std::cout << found << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

回答1:

You could make of the validity of stringstream to int conversion:

int main() {

std::stringstream ss;
std::string input = "a b c 4 e";
ss << input;
int found;
std::string temp;

while(std::getline(ss, temp,' ')) {
    if(std::stringstream(temp)>>found)
    {
        std::cout<<found<<std::endl;
    }
}
return 0;
}

回答2:

While your question states that you wish to

get a string using getline and checks it for an int

using stringstream, it's worth noting that you don't need stringstream at all. You only use stringstreams when you want to do parsing and rudimentary string conversions.

A better idea would be to use functions defined by std::string to find if the string contains numbers as follows:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main() {
    std::string input = "a b c 4 e 9879";//I added some more extra characters to prove my point.
    std::string numbers = "0123456789";
    std::size_t found = input.find_first_of(numbers.c_str());

    while (found != std::string::npos) {
        std::cout << found << std::endl;
        found = input.find_first_of(numbers.c_str(), found+1);
    }

    return 0;
}

And then perform the conversions.

Why use this? Think about happens if you use a stringstream object on something like the following:

"abcdef123ghij"

which will simply be parsed and stored as a regular string.

回答3:

Exceptions should not scary you.

int foundVal;
found = false;

while(!found || !ss.eof()) {
    try
    {
       foundVal = std::stoi(temp);  //try to convert
       found = true;
    }
    catch(std::exception& e)
    {
        ss >> temp; // keep iterating
    }
}

if(found)
    std::cout << foundVal << std::endl;
else
    std::cout << "No integers found" << std::endl;