java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException when combi

问题:

I have 2 different instances of HashMap

I want to merge the keysets of both HashMaps;

Code:

Set<String> mySet = hashMap1.keySet();
mySet.addAll(hashMap2.keySet());

Exception:

java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException
    at java.util.AbstractCollection.add(AbstractCollection.java:238)
    at java.util.AbstractCollection.addAll(AbstractCollection.java:322)

I don't get a compile warning or error.

From java doc this should work. Even if the added collection is also a set:

boolean addAll(Collection c)

Adds all of the elements in the specified collection to this set if they're not already present (optional operation). If the specified collection is also a set, the addAll operation effectively modifies this set so that its value is the union of the two sets. The behavior of this operation is undefined if the specified collection is modified while the operation is in progress.

回答1:

If you look at the docs of the HashMap#keySet() method, you'll get your answer(emphasis mine).

Returns a Set view of the keys contained in this map. The set is backed by the map, so changes to the map are reflected in the set, and vice-versa. If the map is modified while an iteration over the set is in progress (except through the iterator's own remove operation), the results of the iteration are undefined. The set supports element removal, which removes the corresponding mapping from the map, via the Iterator.remove, Set.remove, removeAll, retainAll, and clear operations. It does not support the add or addAll operations.

Therefore, you need to create a new set and add all the elements to it, instead of adding the elements to the Set returned by the keySet().

回答2:

The result of keySet() does not support adding elements to it.

If you are not trying to modify hashMap1 but just want a set containing the union of the two maps' keys, try:

Set<String> mySet = new HashSet<String>();
mySet.addAll(hashMap1.keySet());
mySet.addAll(hashMap2.keySet());

回答3:

Doesn't support by nature of Set which is from map.keySet(). It supports only remove, removeAll, retainAll, and clear operations.

Please read documentation

回答4:

All the above answers are correct. If you still wants to know the exact implementation detail (jdk 8)

hashMap1.keySet() returns a KeySet<E> and

KeySet<E>   extends AbstractSet<E>
AbstractSet<E> extends AbstractCollection<E> 

In AbstractCollection,

public boolean add(E e) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

addAll() calls add() and thats why you are getting an UOException