remove char from stringstream and append some data

问题:

In my code there is a loop that adds sth like that "number," to stringstream. When it ends, I need to extract ',' add '}' and add '{' if the loop is to repeated.

I thought i can use ignore() to remove ',' but it didn't work. Do you know how I can do what I describe?

example:

douCoh << '{';
for(unsigned int i=0;i<dataSize;i++)
  if(v[i].test) douCoh << i+1 << ',';
douCoh.get(); douCoh << '}';

回答1:

You can extract the string (with the str() member), remove the last char with std::string::erase and then reset the new string as buffer to the std::ostringstream.

However, a better solution would be to not insert the superfluous ',' in the first place, by doing something like that :

std::ostringstream douCoh;
const char* separator = "";

douCoh << '{';
for (size_t i = 0; i < dataSize; ++ i)
{
  if (v[i].test)
  {
    douCoh << separator << i + 1;
    separator = ",";
  }
}
douCoh << '}';

回答2:

You can seek the stringstream and go back 1 character, using stringstream::seekp. Note that it does not remove the last character, but only moves the write head. This is sufficient in this case, as we overwrite the last character with an }.

douCoh << '{';
for(unsigned int i=0;i<dataSize;i++)
  if(v[i].test) douCoh << i+1 << ',';
douCoh.seekp(-1,douCoh.cur); douCoh << '}';

回答3:

I have had this very problem and I found out that you can simply do:

douCoh.seekp(-1, std::ios_base::end);

And the keep inserting data. As others stated, avoiding inserting the bad data in the first place is probably the ideal solution, but in my case was the result of a 3rd party library function, and also I wanted to avoid copying the data to strings.

回答4:

stringstream douCoh;
for(unsigned int i=0;i<dataSize;i++)
  if(v[i].test)
    douCoh << ( douCoh.tellp()==0 ? '{' : ',' ) << i+1;
douCoh << '}';

回答5:

I've found this way using pop_back() string's method since c++11. Probably not so good as smarter ones above, but useful in much more complicated cases and/or for lazy people.

douCoh << '{';
for(unsigned int i=0;i<dataSize;i++)
  if(v[i].test) douCoh << i+1 << ',';

string foo(douCoh.str());
foo.pop_back();
douCoh.str(foo);
douCoh.seekp (0, douCoh.end);  

douCoh << '}';

回答6:

You could use std::string::erase to remove the last character directly from the underlying string.

回答7:

Have fun with std::copy, iterators and traits. You either have to assume that your data is reverse iterable (end - 1) or that your output can be rewinded. I choose it was easier to rewind.

#include <ostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>

namespace My
{
  template<typename Iterator>
  void print(std::ostream &out, Iterator begin, Iterator end)
  {
    out << '{';
    if (begin != end) {
      Iterator last = end - 1;
      if (begin != last) {
        std::copy(begin, last, std::ostream_iterator< typename std::iterator_traits<Iterator>::value_type  >(out, ", "));
      }
      out << *last;
    }
    out << '}';
  }
}

#include <iostream>

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
  My::print(std::cout, &argv[0], &argv[argc]);
  std::cout << '\n';
}

回答8:

Why not just check the counter? And not insert the ','

douCoh << '{';
for(unsigned int i=0;i<dataSize;i++){
  if(v[i].test){
    douCoh << i+1;
    if(i != dataSize - 1) douCoh << ',';
  }
}
/*douCoh.get();*/ douCoh << '}';