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问题:

Visual Studio doesn't like on-page anchor tags:

Validation (XHTML 1.0 Transitional): Attribute 'name' is considered outdated. A newer construct is recommended.

I'm using name attributes in this way…

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/SCHEMA/xhtml11.xsd" xml:lang="en">
    ...
    <body>
        ...
        <p>On this page&hellip;</p>
        <ul>
            <li><a href="#one">Section One</a></li>
            ...
        </ul>
        ...
        <h2><a name="one">Section One</a></h2>
        ...
    </body>
</html>

Is there really a more-modern way of doing this? Or is Visual Studio full of crap?

回答1:

You should use the id attribute instead. Works the same way, and you don't need an artifical <a name=...>, but simply

<h2 id="one">Section One</h2>

回答2:

name attributes are deprecated in XHTML 1.0 - you can use an id attribute in the same way though, see Fragment Identifiers in the HTML Compatibility Guidelines of the XHTML spec.

So you can simply use

<h2><a id="one">Section One</a></h2>

But note that the 1.0 spec recommends playing it safe with something like this:

<h2><a name="one" id="one">Section One</a></h2>

However, your fragment uses XHTML 1.1, where the name attribute has been entirely removed from a and map elements - so you can only use an id.

回答3:

I believe the modern approach is to use the id attribute, which would be evaluated as an anchor. For example, if you changed

<h2><a name="one">Section One</a></h2>

<h2><a id="one">Section One</a></h2>

You would still address it as page.html#one.

回答4:

You can also link on a section header :

<P>
    <A href="#section1">Introduction</A><BR>
    <A href="#section2">Some background</A><BR>
    <A href="#section2.1">On a more personal note</A><BR>
    ...the rest of the table of contents...
    ...the document body...

    <H2 id="section1">Introduction</H2>
    ...section 1...

    <H2 id="section2">Some background</H2>
    ...section 2...

    <H3 id="section2.1">On a more personal note</H3>
    ...section 2.1...

[...]
</P>

Source: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/struct/links.html

回答5:

I believe the proper way to do it is <a id="one">

回答6:

Yes it is outdated. You should replace with the "id" attribute.

Quoting w3schools page:

"The id Attribute Replaces The name Attribute HTML 4.01 defines a name attribute for the elements a, applet, frame, iframe, img, and map. In XHTML the name attribute is deprecated. Use id instead."

http://www.w3schools.com/Xhtml/xhtml_syntax.asp

回答7:

name= attributes are for labeling elements in a form, and can only be used on <form> elements (input, textarea, select etc). For everything else, ID= is used. Exactly why the W3C folks thought two different ways of naming an element (with different sets of allowable characters) were needed is not readily known.

回答8:

But here http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/struct/links.html#h-12.2.3 I read this: "Some older user agents don't support anchors created with the id attribute." So?

回答9:

Until <a name="..."></a> is no longer supported by the (X)HTML standard you are using--and not just deprecated--it may be safest to use both name and id on anchors linking to a part of the same page. From the W3C's XHTML 1 spec:

In XML, URI-references RFC2396 that end with fragment identifiers of the form "#foo" do not refer to elements with an attribute name="foo"; rather, they refer to elements with an attribute defined to be of type ID, e.g., the id attribute in HTML 4. Many existing HTML clients don't support the use of ID-type attributes in this way, so identical values may be supplied for both of these attributes to ensure maximum forward and backward compatibility (e.g., <a id="foo" name="foo">...</a>).