What is the recommended directory structure for a

问题:

Where should one put the sources, examples, documentation, unit tests, integration tests, license, benchmarks etc?

回答1:

Cargo, the official package manager for Rust, defines some conventions regarding the layout of a Rust crate:

.
├── Cargo.lock
├── Cargo.toml
├── benches
│   └── large-input.rs
├── examples
│   └── simple.rs
├── src
│   ├── bin
│   │   └── another_executable.rs
│   ├── lib.rs
│   └── main.rs
└── tests
    └── some-integration-tests.rs

• Cargo.toml and Cargo.lock are stored in the root of your project.
• Source code goes in the src directory.
• The default library file is src/lib.rs.
• The default executable file is src/main.rs.
• Other executables can be placed in src/bin/*.rs.
• Integration tests go in the tests directory (unit tests go in each file they're testing).
• Example executable files go in the examples directory.
• Benchmarks go in the benches directory.

These are explained in more detail in the manifest description.

By following this standard layout, you'll be able to use Cargo's commands to build, run and test your project easily. Run cargo new to set up a new executable project or cargo new --lib to set up a new library project.

Additionally, documentation for libraries is often written in documentation comments (comments that start with /// before any item, or //! to document the parent item). Also, the license is usually put at the root.

Unit tests, as mentioned above, are written in the same module as the functions they're testing. Usually, they're put in an inner module. It looks like this (this is what Cargo generates for a new library with cargo new --lib):

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    #[test]
    fn it_works() {
    }
}