Create a random string or number in Qt4

问题:

Is there any function or something like that by which I can create totally random strings or numbers?

回答1:

You can create random numbers using qrand. If you need strings, you can convert the int to string. You could also check the QUuid class, which generates Universally Unique Identifiers. Those are not 'totally random', but they are unique.

回答2:

int number;
int randomValue = qrand() % number;

returns a random number randomValue with 0 <= randomValue < number.

qrand() is declared in QtGlobal which is #included by many other Qt files.

int value;
QString aString = QString::number(value);

converts an integer to QString.

回答3:

The following example generates alphabetic strings with capital letters from A to Z and length = len.

QString randString(int len)
{
    QString str;
    str.resize(len);
    for (int s = 0; s < len ; ++s)
        str[s] = QChar('A' + char(qrand() % ('Z' - 'A')));

    return str;
}

回答4:

This is not a very good method to generate random numbers within a given range. (In fact it's very very bad for most generators )

You are assuming that the low-order bits from the generator are uniformly distributed. This is not the case with most generators. In most generators the randomness occurs in the high order bits.

By using the remainder after divisions you are in effect throwing out the randomness.

You should scale using multiplication and division. Not using the modulo operator. eg

my_numbe r= start_required + ( generator_output *  range_required)/generator_maximum;

If generator_output is in [0, generator_maximum], my_number will be in [start_required , start_required + range_required].

回答5:

Here is the good answer using qrand(). The solution below uses QUuid, as already was suggested above, to generate random and unique ids (they are all hex numbers):

#include <QApplication>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QRegularExpression>
#include <QUuid>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);

    // random hex string generator
    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        QString str = QUuid::createUuid().toString();
        str.remove(QRegularExpression("{|}|-")); // if you want only hex numbers
        qDebug() << str;
    }

    return a.exec();
}

Output

"479a494a852747fe90efe0dc0137d059"
"2cd7e3b404b54fad9154e46c527c368a"
"84e43735eacd4b8f8d733bf642476097"
"d7e824f920874f9d8b4264212f3bd385"
"40b1c6fa89254705801caefdab5edd96"
"b7067852cf9d45ca89dd7af6ffdcdd23"
"9a2e5e6b65c54bea8fb9e7e8e1676a1a"
"981fa826073947e68adc46ddf47e311c"
"129b0ec42aed47d78be4bfe279996990"
"818035b0e83f401d8a56f34122ba7990"

回答6:

Use QUuid

#include <QUuid>
QString randomStr = QUuid::createUuid();