How do I create a zip file of a file path using Py

问题:

I've been trying to use the zipfile and shutil.make_archive modules to recursively create a zip file of a directory. Both modules work great--except empty directories do not get added to the archive. Empty directories containing other empty directories are also silently skipped.

I can use 7Zip to create an archive of the same path and empty directories are preserved. Therefore I know this is possible within the file format itself. I just don't know how to do it within Python. Any ideas? Thanks!

回答1:

There is a example using zipfile:

import os, zipfile  
from os.path import join  
def zipfolder(foldername, filename, includeEmptyDIr=True):   
    empty_dirs = []  
    zip = zipfile.ZipFile(filename, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)  
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(foldername):  
        empty_dirs.extend([dir for dir in dirs if os.listdir(join(root, dir)) == []])  
        for name in files:  
            zip.write(join(root ,name))  
        if includeEmptyDIr:  
            for dir in empty_dirs:  
                zif = zipfile.ZipInfo(join(root, dir) + "/")  
                zip.writestr(zif, "")  
        empty_dirs = []  
    zip.close() 

if __name__ == "__main__":
    zipfolder('test1/noname/', 'zip.zip')

回答2:

You'll need to register a new archive format to do that, since the default ZIP archiver does not support that. Take a look at the meat of the existing ZIP archiver. Make your own archiver that creates directories using that currently-unused dirpath variable. I looked for how to create an empty directory and found this:

zip.writestr(zipfile.ZipInfo('empty/'), '')

With that, you should be able to write the necessary code to make it archive empty directories.

回答3:

This is lifted from Adding folders to a zip file using python but is the only function I have tried that works. The one listed as the answer does not work under Python 2.7.3 (doesn't copy empty directories and is inefficient). The following is tried and tested:

#!/usr/bin/python
import os
import zipfile

def zipdir(dirPath=None, zipFilePath=None, includeDirInZip=True):

    if not zipFilePath:
        zipFilePath = dirPath + ".zip"
    if not os.path.isdir(dirPath):
        raise OSError("dirPath argument must point to a directory. "
        "'%s' does not." % dirPath)
    parentDir, dirToZip = os.path.split(dirPath)
    #Little nested function to prepare the proper archive path
    def trimPath(path):
        archivePath = path.replace(parentDir, "", 1)
        if parentDir:
            archivePath = archivePath.replace(os.path.sep, "", 1)
        if not includeDirInZip:
            archivePath = archivePath.replace(dirToZip + os.path.sep, "", 1)
        return os.path.normcase(archivePath)

    outFile = zipfile.ZipFile(zipFilePath, "w",
        compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
    for (archiveDirPath, dirNames, fileNames) in os.walk(dirPath):
        for fileName in fileNames:
            filePath = os.path.join(archiveDirPath, fileName)
            outFile.write(filePath, trimPath(filePath))
        #Make sure we get empty directories as well
        if not fileNames and not dirNames:
            zipInfo = zipfile.ZipInfo(trimPath(archiveDirPath) + "/")
            #some web sites suggest doing
            #zipInfo.external_attr = 16
            #or
            #zipInfo.external_attr = 48
            #Here to allow for inserting an empty directory.  Still TBD/TODO.
            outFile.writestr(zipInfo, "")
    outFile.close()