Mock class in class under test

问题:

How I can mock with Mockito other classes in my class which is under test?

For example:

MyClass.java

class MyClass {
    public boolean performAnything() {
        AnythingPerformerClass clazz = new AnythingPerformerClass();
        return clazz.doSomething();        
    }
}

AnythingPerformerClass.java

class AnythingPerformerClass {
    public boolean doSomething() {
        //very very complex logic
        return result;
    }
}

And test:

@Test
public void testPerformAnything() throws Exception {
    MyClass clazz = new MyClass();
    Assert.assertTrue(clazz.performAnything());
}

Can I spoof AnythingPerformerClass for excluding unnecessary logic from AnythingPerformerClass? Can I override doSomething() method for simple return true or false?

Why I specify Mockito, because I need it for Android testing with Robolectric.

回答1:

You could refactor MyClass so that it uses dependency injection. Instead of having it create an AnythingPerformerClass instance you could pass in an instance of the class to the constructor of MyClass like so :

class MyClass {

   private final AnythingPerformerClass clazz;

   MyClass(AnythingPerformerClass clazz) {
      this.clazz = clazz;
   }

   public boolean performAnything() {         
     return clazz.doSomething();        
   }
}

You can then pass in the mock implementation in the unit test

@Test
public void testPerformAnything() throws Exception {
   AnythingPerformerClass mockedPerformer = Mockito.mock(AnythingPerformerClass.class);
   MyClass clazz = new MyClass(mockedPerformer);
   ...
}

Alternatively, if your AnythingPerformerClass contains state then you could pass a AnythingPerformerClassBuilder to the constructor.

回答2:

As it currently is (both declaration and instantiation of the AnythingPerformerClass inside a method, it's not possible to mock the AnythingPerformerClass using only Mockito.

If possible, move both the declaration and the instantiation of AnythingPerformerClass to the class level: declare an instance variable of type AnythingPerformerClass and have it instantiated by the constructor.

That way, you could more easily inject a mock of AnythingPerformerClass during test, and specify its behaviour. For example:

when(anythingPerformerClassMock.doSomething()).thenReturn(true);

or to test error handling:

when(anythingPerformerClassMock.doSomething()).thenTrow(new NullPointerException());

回答3:

You can set what to return in Mockito.

when(mock.method()).thenReturn(someValue)