Ruby Create Recursive Directory Tree

问题:

I need to recursively traverse a directory and create a tree to be used with the jsTree control. The control accepts a JSON format like so. I need some ruby magic to make this happen cleanly and quickly.

Any help is appreciated.

回答1:

You probably want something like this (untested):

def directory_hash(path, name=nil)
  data = {:data => (name || path)}
  data[:children] = children = []
  Dir.foreach(path) do |entry|
    next if (entry == '..' || entry == '.')
    full_path = File.join(path, entry)
    if File.directory?(full_path)
      children << directory_hash(full_path, entry)
    else
      children << entry
    end
  end
  return data
end

Recursively walk down the tree, building up a hash. Turn it into json with your favourite serialisation library.

回答2:

First take your tree, convert it to a list of paths to leaves, similar to:

def leaves_paths tree
  if tree[:children]
    tree[:children].inject([]){|acc, c|
      leaves_paths(c).each{|p|
        acc += [[tree[:name]] + p]
      }
      acc
    }
  else
    [[tree[:name]]]
  end
end

(Not sure if above exactly follows your jsTree structure, but the principle is the same.)

Here's a sample of input and output:

tree = {name: 'foo', children: [
      {name: 'bar'},
      {name: 'baz', children: [
        {name: 'boo'}, 
        {name: 'zoo', children: [
          {name: 'goo'}
        ]}
      ]}
    ]}

p leaves_paths tree
#=> [["foo", "bar"], ["foo", "baz", "boo"], ["foo", "baz", "zoo", "goo"]]

Then, for each path, call FileUtils#mkdir_p:

paths = leaves_paths tree
paths.each do |path|
  FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.join(*path))
end

And you should be ok.

Edit: Simpler version:

You don't need to create list of leaves, just traverse whole tree and create a directory for every node:

# executes block on each tree node, recursively, passing the path to the block as argument
def traverse_with_path tree, path = [], &block
  path += [tree[:name]]
  yield path
  tree[:children].each{|c| traverse_with_path c, path, &block} if tree[:children]
end

traverse_with_path tree do |path|
  FileUtils.mkdir(File.join(*path))
end

Edit2:

Oh, sorry, I misunderstood. So, here's a way to make a Hash based on directory tree on disk:

Dir.glob('**/*'). # get all files below current dir
  select{|f|
    File.directory?(f) # only directories we need
  }.map{|path|
    path.split '/' # split to parts
  }.inject({}){|acc, path| # start with empty hash
    path.inject(acc) do |acc2,dir| # for each path part, create a child of current node
      acc2[dir] ||= {} # and pass it as new current node
    end
    acc
  }

So, for the following structure:

#$ mkdir -p foo/bar
#$ mkdir -p baz/boo/bee
#$ mkdir -p baz/goo

code above returns this hash:

{
  "baz"=>{
    "boo"=>{
      "bee"=>{}},
    "goo"=>{}},
  "foo"=>{
    "bar"=>{}}}

Hope you'll manage to suit it to your needs.

回答3:

Ruby's Find module (require 'find') is minimalist but handles directory recursion well: http://www.ruby-doc.org/stdlib/libdoc/find/rdoc/classes/Find.html

回答4:

The accepted answer did not work as of June 2015. I changed the key :data to 'text'. I also generalized the code to exclude directories and files.

def directory_hash(path, name=nil, exclude = [])                                
  exclude.concat(['..', '.', '.git', '__MACOSX', '.DS_Store'])                  
  data = {'text' => (name || path)}                                             
  data[:children] = children = []                                               
  Dir.foreach(path) do |entry|                                                  
    next if exclude.include?(entry)                                             
    full_path = File.join(path, entry)                                          
    if File.directory?(full_path)                                               
      children << directory_hash(full_path, entry)                              
    else                                                                        
      children << {'icon' => 'jstree-file', 'text' => entry}                    
    end                                                                         
  end                                                                           
  return data                                                                   
end