What is the difference between raise StopIteration

问题:

I'm curious about the difference between using raise StopIteration and a return statement in generators.

For example, is there any difference between these two functions?

def my_generator0(n):
    for i in range(n):
        yield i
        if i >= 5:
            return

def my_generator1(n):
    for i in range(n):
        yield i
        if i >= 5:
            raise StopIteration

I'm guessing the more "pythonic" way to do it is the second way (please correct me if I'm wrong), but as far as I can see both ways raise a StopIteration exception.

回答1:

There's no need to explicitly raise StopIteration as that's what a bare return statement does for a generator function - so yes they're the same. But no, just using return is more Pythonic.

From: http://docs.python.org/2/reference/simple_stmts.html#the-return-statement (valid to Python 3.2)

In a generator function, the return statement is not allowed to include an expression_list. In that context, a bare return indicates that the generator is done and will cause StopIteration to be raised.

Or as @Bakuriu points out - the semantics of generators have changed slightly for Python 3.3, so the following is more appropriate:

In a generator function, the return statement indicates that the generator is done and will cause StopIteration to be raised. The returned value (if any) is used as an argument to construct StopIteration and becomes the StopIteration.value attribute.

回答2:

As of late 2014 return is correct and raise StopIteration for ending a generator is on a depreciation schedule. See PEP 479 for full details.

Abstract

This PEP proposes a change to generators: when StopIteration is raised inside a generator, it is replaced with RuntimeError. (More precisely, this happens when the exception is about to bubble out of the generator's stack frame.) Because the change is backwards incompatible, the feature is initially introduced using a __future__ statement.

Acceptance

This PEP was accepted by the BDFL on November 22…

Rationale

The interaction of generators and StopIteration is currently somewhat surprising, and can conceal obscure bugs. An unexpected exception should not result in subtly altered behaviour, but should cause a noisy and easily-debugged traceback. Currently, StopIteration raised accidentally inside a generator function will be interpreted as the end of the iteration by the loop construct driving the generator.

…

回答3:

That's true, they are equivalent except that one is readable whereas the other is obscure. This dates back to the very first version of generators (PEP 255, under "Specification: Return"), and the subsequent enhancements of (such as coroutines) do not change this. 3.3's yield from (PEP 380) extends that to return <expr> as syntactic sugar for raise StopIteration(<expr>), but that doesn't change the meaning of return;.