Preparing a git commit messaging before committing

问题:

Is it possible to prepare a commit message prior to a commit, meaning that I will type my commit message before the actual commit or during the working dir so that I know what I am working on and I know what this branch or commit will be all about. When I say "before" I do not mean just couple secs before I enter the commit on the commandline. I literally mean right after a commit or at the starting of a branch so that the next commit will automatically inherit the message in the queue or what ever that might be called.

Naturally I can put these messages during the commit, to me there is a difference. And I can see the argument of well git is not meant for that as well. I am just curious about it.

I also know I can give my branches more meaningful names but I just want a bit space for such purpose.

thanks

回答1:

Git can take the commit message from a file using the -F or --file flags:

git commit -F message.txt

You can prepare your message in advance in a text file and use that file when you commit.

If you do this often, it makes sense to create an alias for it, for example:

done = commit -F message.txt

So that you can simply type git done to have it always use your text file.

If you make a mistake and commit too fast without updating the message file, not a problem, you can just do git commit --amend and fix the message in the commit.

UPDATE

The -e flag is useful too, as it lets you edit the message before committing:

git commit -eF message.txt

回答2:

If using the --file option for git commit you can pipe in the message through the standard input by using dash (-) instead of a file name.

echo "Classy commit message" | git commit --file -

回答3:

If you're using VIM as Git's core editor, then when you run git commit, VIM will be opened and you'll be presented with a buffer containing the commented-out output of the git status command.

You can then use the VIM command :read COMMIT_MSG.txt which will insert the contents of the file COMMIT_MSG.txt (your pre-pared commit message) at the current cursor location.

This is really just an alternative to running git commit -eF COMMIT_MSG.txt, but I personally find it easier to remember the VIM command :read as opposed to having to remember yet another git command line argument. Personal preference, really.

回答4:

I combined the answers of LopSae and janos to auto remove all lines beginning with a # from the input-textfile with command from this post.

Result is this command

cat .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG | sed '/^#/ d' | git commit -F -

And to make it shorter I suggest to add an alias.

EDIT Creating an alias for this command was more complex than exspeced. But after some tries and withs this tuturial I created an alias what works and supports custom parameters.

[alias]
  commitmsg  = "!f() { myarg=${@}; cat .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG | sed '/^#/ d' | git commit -F - $myarg;  }; f"

You can use it e.g. with parameter for modified date like this

commitmsg --date "2001-01-02 18:00:00"