Code Golf: Duplicate Character Removal in String

问题:

The challenge: The shortest code, by character count, that detects and removes duplicate characters in a String. Removal includes ALL instances of the duplicated character (so if you find 3 n's, all three have to go), and original character order needs to be preserved.

Example Input 1:
nbHHkRvrXbvkn

Example Output 1:
RrX

---

Example Input 2:
nbHHkRbvnrXbvkn

Example Output 2:
RrX

(the second example removes letters that occur three times; some solutions have failed to account for this)

(This is based on my other question where I needed the fastest way to do this in C#, but I think it makes good Code Golf across languages.)

回答1:

LabVIEW 7.1

ONE character and that is the blue constant '1' in the block diagram. I swear, the input was copy and paste ;-)

http://i25.tinypic.com/hvc4mp.png

http://i26.tinypic.com/5pnas.png

回答2:

Perl

21 characters of perl, 31 to invoke, 36 total keystrokes (counting shift and final return):

perl -pe's/$1//gwhile/(.).*\1/'

回答3:

Ruby — 61 53 51 56 35

61 chars, the ruler says. (Gives me an idea for another code golf...)

  puts ((i=gets.split(''))-i.select{|c|i.to_s.count(c)<2}).join
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
||    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  |
|0         10        20        30        40        50        60        70 |
|                                                                         |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  gets.chars{|c|$><<c[$_.count(c)-1]}

... 35 by Nakilon

回答4:

APL

23 characters:

(((1+ρx)-(ϕx)ιx)=xιx)/x

I'm an APL newbie (learned it yesterday), so be kind -- this is certainly not the most efficient way to do it. I'm ashamed I didn't beat Perl by very much.

Then again, maybe it says something when the most natural way for a newbie to solve this problem in APL was still more concise than any other solution in any language so far.

回答5:

Python:

s=raw_input()
print filter(lambda c:s.count(c)<2,s)

This is a complete working program, reading from and writing to the console. The one-liner version can be directly used from the command line

python -c 's=raw_input();print filter(lambda c:s.count(c)<2,s)'

回答6:

J (16 12 characters)

(~.{~[:I.1=#/.~)

Example:

(~.{~[:I.1=#/.~) 'nbHHkRvrXbvkn'
    RrX

It only needs the parenthesis to be executed tacitly. If put in a verb, the actual code itself would be 14 characters.

There certainly are smarter ways to do this.

EDIT: The smarter way in question:

(~.#~1=#/.~) 'nbHHkRvrXbvkn'
    RrX

12 characters, only 10 if set in a verb. I still hate the fact that it's going through the list twice, once to count (#/.) and another to return uniques (nub or ~.), but even nubcount, a standard verb in the 'misc' library does it twice.

回答7:

Haskell

There's surely shorter ways to do this in Haskell, but:

Prelude Data.List> let h y=[x|x<-y,(<2).length$filter(==x)y]
Prelude Data.List> h "nbHHkRvrXbvkn"
"RrX"

Ignoring the let, since it's only required for function declarations in GHCi, we have h y=[x|x<-y,(<2).length$filter(==x)y], which is 37 characters (this ties the current "core" Python of "".join(c for c in s if s.count(c)<2), and it's virtually the same code anyway).

If you want to make a whole program out of it,

h y=[x|x<-y,(<2).length$filter(==x)y]
main=interact h

$ echo "nbHHkRvrXbvkn" | runghc tmp.hs
RrX

$ wc -c tmp.hs
54 tmp.hs

Or we can knock off one character this way:

main=interact(\y->[x|x<-y,(<2).length$filter(==x)y])

$ echo "nbHHkRvrXbvkn" | runghc tmp2.hs
RrX

$ wc -c tmp2.hs
53 tmp2.hs

It operates on all of stdin, not line-by-line, but that seems acceptable IMO.

回答8:

C89 (106 characters)

This one uses a completely different method than my original answer. Interestingly, after writing it and then looking at another answer, I saw the methods were very similar. Credits to caf for coming up with this method before me.

b[256];l;x;main(c){while((c=getchar())>=0)b[c]=b[c]?1:--l;
for(;x-->l;)for(c=256;c;)b[--c]-x?0:putchar(c);}

On one line, it's 58+48 = 106 bytes.

C89 (173 characters)

This was my original answer. As said in the comments, it doesn't work too well...

#include<stdio.h>
main(l,s){char*b,*d;for(b=l=s=0;l==s;s+=fread(b+s,1,9,stdin))b=realloc(b,l+=9)
;d=b;for(l=0;l<s;++d)if(!memchr(b,*d,l)&!memchr(d+1,*d,s-l++-1))putchar(*d);}

On two lines, it's 17+1+78+77 = 173 bytes.

回答9:

C#

65 Characters:

new String(h.Where(x=>h.IndexOf(x)==h.LastIndexOf(x)).ToArray());

67 Characters with reassignment:

h=new String(h.Where(x=>h.IndexOf(x)==h.LastIndexOf(x)).ToArray());

回答10:

C#

new string(input.GroupBy(c => c).Where(g => g.Count() == 1).ToArray());

71 characters

回答11:

PHP (136 characters)

<?PHP
function q($x){return $x<2;}echo implode(array_keys(array_filter(
array_count_values(str_split(stream_get_contents(STDIN))),'q')));

On one line, it's 5+1+65+65 = 136 bytes. Using PHP 5.3 you could save a few bytes making the function anonymous, but I can't test that now. Perhaps something like:

<?PHP
echo implode(array_keys(array_filter(array_count_values(str_split(
stream_get_contents(STDIN))),function($x){return $x<2;})));

That's 5+1+66+59 = 131 bytes.

回答12:

another APL solution

As a dynamic function (18 charachters)

{(1+=/¨(ω∘∊¨ω))/ω}

line assuming that input is in variable x (16 characters):

(1+=/¨(x∘∊¨x))/x

回答13:

VB.NET

For Each c In s : s = IIf(s.LastIndexOf(c) <> s.IndexOf(c), s.Replace(CStr(c), Nothing), s) : Next

Granted, VB is not the optimal language to try to save characters, but the line comes out to 98 characters.

回答14:

PowerShell

61 characters. Where $s="nbHHkRvrXbvkn" and $a is the result.

$h=@{}
($c=[char[]]$s)|%{$h[$_]++}
$c|%{if($h[$_]-eq1){$a+=$_}}

Fully functioning parameterized script:

param($s)
$h=@{}
($c=[char[]]$s)|%{$h[$_]++}
$c|%{if($h[$_]-eq1){$a+=$_}}
$a

回答15:

C: 83 89 93 99 101 characters

• O(n²) time.
• Limited to 999 characters.
• Only works in 32-bit mode (due to not #include-ing <stdio.h> (costs 18 chars) making the return type of gets being interpreted as an int and chopping off half of the address bits).
• Shows a friendly "warning: this program uses gets(), which is unsafe." on Macs.

.

main(){char s[999],*c=gets(s);for(;*c;c++)strchr(s,*c)-strrchr(s,*c)||putchar(*c);}

(and this similar 82-chars version takes input via the command line:

main(char*c,char**S){for(c=*++S;*c;c++)strchr(*S,*c)-strrchr(*S,*c)||putchar(*c);}

)

回答16:

Golfscript(sym) - 15

  .`{\{=}+,,(!}+,
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
||    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |  |
|0         10        20        30        40        50        60        70 |
|                                                                         |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

回答17:

Haskell

(just knocking a few characters off Mark Rushakoff's effort, I'd rather it was posted as a comment on his)

h y=[x|x<-y,[_]<-[filter(==x)y]]

which is better Haskell idiom but maybe harder to follow for non-Haskellers than this:

h y=[z|x<-y,[z]<-[filter(==x)y]]

Edit to add an explanation for hiena and others:

I'll assume you understand Mark's version, so I'll just cover the change. Mark's expression:

(<2).length $ filter (==x) y

filters y to get the list of elements that == x, finds the length of that list and makes sure it's less than two. (in fact it must be length one, but ==1 is longer than <2 ) My version:

[z] <- [filter(==x)y]

does the same filter, then puts the resulting list into a list as the only element. Now the arrow (meant to look like set inclusion!) says "for every element of the RHS list in turn, call that element [z]". [z] is the list containing the single element z, so the element "filter(==x)y" can only be called "[z]" if it contains exactly one element. Otherwise it gets discarded and is never used as a value of z. So the z's (which are returned on the left of the | in the list comprehension) are exactly the x's that make the filter return a list of length one.

That was my second version, my first version returns x instead of z - because they're the same anyway - and renames z to _ which is the Haskell symbol for "this value isn't going to be used so I'm not going to complicate my code by giving it a name".

回答18:

Javascript 1.8

s.split('').filter(function (o,i,a) a.filter(function(p) o===p).length <2 ).join('');

or alternately- similar to the python example:

[s[c] for (c in s) if (s.split("").filter(function(p) s[c]===p).length <2)].join('');

回答19:

TCL

123 chars. It might be possible to get it shorter, but this is good enough for me.

proc h {i {r {}}} {foreach c [split $i {}] {if {[llength [split $i $c]]==2} {set r $r$c}}
return $r}
puts [h [gets stdin]]

回答20:

C

Full program in C, 141 bytes (counting newlines).

#include<stdio.h>
c,n[256],o,i=1;main(){for(;c-EOF;c=getchar())c-EOF?n[c]=n[c]?-1:o++:0;for(;i<o;i++)for(c=0;c<256;c++)n[c]-i?0:putchar(c);}

回答21:

Scala

54 chars for the method body only, 66 with (statically typed) method declaration:

def s(s:String)=(""/:s)((a,b)=>if(s.filter(c=>c==b).size>1)a else a+b)

回答22:

Ruby

63 chars.

puts (t=gets.split(//)).map{|i|t.count(i)>1?nil:i}.compact.join

回答23:

VB.NET / LINQ

96 characters for complete working statement

Dim p=New String((From c In"nbHHkRvrXbvkn"Group c By c Into i=Count Where i=1 Select c).ToArray)

Complete working statement, with original string and the VB Specific "Pretty listing (reformatting of code" turned off, at 96 characters, non-working statement without original string at 84 characters.

(Please make sure your code works before answering. Thank you.)

回答24:

C

(1st version: 112 characters; 2nd version: 107 characters)

k[256],o[100000],p,c;main(){while((c=getchar())!=-1)++k[o[p++]=c];for(c=0;c<p;c++)if(k[o[c]]==1)putchar(o[c]);}

That's

/* #include <stdio.h> */
/* int */ k[256], o[100000], p, c;
/* int */ main(/* void */) {
  while((c=getchar()) != -1/*EOF*/) {
    ++k[o[p++] = /*(unsigned char)*/c];
  }
  for(c=0; c<p; c++) {
    if(k[o[c]] == 1) {
      putchar(o[c]);
    }
  }
  /* return 0; */
}

Because getchar() returns int and putchar accepts int, the #include can 'safely' be removed. Without the include, EOF is not defined, so I used -1 instead (and gained a char). This program only works as intended for inputs with less than 100000 characters!

Version 2, with thanks to strager 107 characters

#ifdef NICE_LAYOUT
#include <stdio.h>

/* global variables are initialized to 0 */
int char_count[256];                          /* k in the other layout */
int char_order[999999];                       /* o ... */
int char_index;                               /* p  */

int main(int ch_n_loop, char **dummy)         /* c  */
                                              /* variable with 2 uses */
{

  (void)dummy; /* make warning about unused variable go away */

  while ((ch_n_loop = getchar()) >= 0) /* EOF is, by definition, negative */
  {
    ++char_count[ ( char_order[char_index++] = ch_n_loop ) ];
    /* assignment, and increment, inside the array index */
  }
  /* reuse ch_n_loop */
  for (ch_n_loop = 0; ch_n_loop < char_index; ch_n_loop++) {
    (char_count[char_order[ch_n_loop]] - 1) ? 0 : putchar(char_order[ch_n_loop]);
  }
  return 0;
}
#else
k[256],o[999999],p;main(c){while((c=getchar())>=0)++k[o[p++]=c];for(c=0;c<p;c++)k[o[c]]-1?0:putchar(o[c]);}
#endif

回答25:

Javascript 1.6

s.match(/(.)(?=.*\1)/g).map(function(m){s=s.replace(RegExp(m,'g'),'')})

Shorter than the previously posted Javascript 1.8 solution (71 chars vs 85)

回答26:

Assembler

Tested with WinXP DOS box (cmd.exe):

    xchg cx,bp
    std
    mov al,2
    rep stosb
    inc cl
l0: ; to save a byte, I've encoded the instruction to exit the program into the
    ; low byte of the offset in the following instruction:
    lea si,[di+01c3h] 
    push si
l1: mov dx,bp
    mov ah,6
    int 21h
    jz l2
    mov bl,al
    shr byte ptr [di+bx],cl
    jz l1
    inc si
    mov [si],bx
    jmp l1
l2: pop si
l3: inc si
    mov bl,[si]
    cmp bl,bh
    je l0+2
    cmp [di+bx],cl
    jne l3
    mov dl,bl
    mov ah,2
    int 21h
    jmp l3

Assembles to 53 bytes. Reads standard input and writes results to standard output, eg:

 programname < input > output

回答27:

PHP

118 characters actual code (plus 6 characters for the PHP block tag):

<?php
$s=trim(fgets(STDIN));$x='';while(strlen($s)){$t=str_replace($s[0],'',substr($s,1),$c);$x.=$c?'':$s[0];$s=$t;}echo$x;

回答28:

C# (53 Characters)

Where s is your input string:

new string(s.Where(c=>s.Count(h=>h==c)<2).ToArray());

Or 59 with re-assignment:

var a=new string(s.Where(c=>s.Count(h=>h==c)<2).ToArray());

回答29:

Haskell Pointfree

import Data.List
import Control.Monad
import Control.Arrow
main=interact$liftM2(\\)nub$ap(\\)nub

The whole program is 97 characters, but the real meat is just 23 characters. The rest is just imports and bringing the function into the IO monad. In ghci with the modules loaded it's just

(liftM2(\\)nub$ap(\\)nub) "nbHHkRvrXbvkn"

In even more ridiculous pointfree style (pointless style?):

main=interact$liftM2 ap liftM2 ap(\\)nub

It's a bit longer though at 26 chars for the function itself.

回答30:

Shell/Coreutils, 37 Characters

fold -w1|sort|uniq -u|paste -s -d ''