How to walk through Java class resources?

问题:

I know we can do something like this:

Class.class.getResourceAsStream("/com/youcompany/yourapp/module/someresource.conf")

to read the files that are packaged within our jar file.

I have googled it a lot and I am surely not using the proper terms; what I want to do is to list the available resources, something like this:

Class.class.listResources("/com/yourcompany/yourapp")

That should return a list of resources that are inside the package com.yourcompany.yourapp.*

Is that possible? Any ideas on how to do it in case it can't be done as easily as I showed?

Note: I know it is possible to know where your jar is and then open it and inspect its contents to achieve it. But, I can't do it in the environment I am working in now.

回答1:

For resources in a JAR file, something like this works:

URL url = MyClass.class.getResource("MyClass.class");
String scheme = url.getProtocol();
if (!"jar".equals(scheme))
  throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported scheme: " + scheme);
JarURLConnection con = (JarURLConnection) url.openConnection();
JarFile archive = con.getJarFile();
/* Search for the entries you care about. */
Enumeration<JarEntry> entries = archive.entries();
while (entries.hasMoreElements()) {
  JarEntry entry = entries.nextElement();
  if (entry.getName().startsWith("com/y/app/")) {
    ...
  }
}

You can do the same thing with resources "exploded" on the file system, or in many other repositories, but it's not quite as easy. You need specific code for each URL scheme you want to support.

回答2:

In general can't get a list of resources like this. Some classloaders may not even be able to support this - imagine a classloader which can fetch individual files from a web server, but the web server doesn't have to support listing the contents of a directory. For a jar file you can load the contents of the jar file explicitly, of course.

(This question is similar, btw.)

回答3:

I've been looking for a way to list the contents of a jar file using the classloaders, but unfortunately this seems to be impossible. Instead what you can do is open the jar as a zip file and get the contents this way. You can use standard (here) ways to read the contents of a jar file and then use the classloader to read the contents.

回答4:

I usually use

getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(...)

but I doubt you can list the entries from the classpath, without knowing them a priori.