Remove line of text from multiple files in Linux

问题:

Is there a simple way to remove the same line of text from a folder full of text documents at the command line?

回答1:

If your version of sed allows the -i.bak flag (edit in place):

sed -i.bak '/line of text/d' * 

If not, simply put it in a bash loop:

for file in *.txt
do
    sed '/line of text/d' "$file" > "$file".new_file.txt
done

回答2:

To find a pattern and remove the line containing the pattern below command can be used

find . -name "*" -type f | xargs sed -i -e '/<PATTERN>/d'

Example : if you want to remove the line containing word sleep in all the xml files

find . -name "*.xml" -type f | xargs sed -i -e '/sleep/d'

NOTE : Be careful before choosing a pattern as it will delete the line recursively in all the files in the current directory hierarchy :)

回答3:

Consider grep -v:

for thefile in *.txt ; do
   grep -v "text to remove" $thefile > $thefile.$$.tmp
   mv $thefile.$$.tmp $thefile
done

Grep -v shows all lines except those that match, they go into a temp file, and then the tmpfile is moved back to the old file name.

回答4:

perl -ni -e 'print if not /mystring/' *

This tells perl to loop over your file (-n), edit in place (-i), and print the line if it does not match your regular expression.

Somewhat related, here's a handy way to perform a substitution over several files.

perl -pi -e 's/something/other/' *

回答5:

I wrote a Perl script for this:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use IO::Handle;

my $pat = shift(@ARGV) or
    die("Usage: $0 pattern files\n");
die("Usage $0 pattern files\n")
    unless @ARGV;

foreach my $file (@ARGV) {
    my $io = new IO::Handle;
    open($io, $file) or
        die("Cannot read $file: $!\n");
    my @file = <$io>;
    close($io);
    foreach my $line (@file) {
        if($line =~ /$pat/o) {
            $line = '';
            $found = 1;
            last;
        }
    }
    if($found) {
        open($io, ">$file") or
            die("Cannot write $file: $!\n");
        print $io @file;
        close($io);
    }
}

Note that it removes lines based on a regex. If you wanted to do exact match, the inner foreach would look like:

foreach $line (@file) {
    chomp $line;
    if($line eq $pat) {
        $line = '';
        $found = 1;
        last;
    }
}