Node.js + Express.js. How to RENDER less css?

问题:

I am unable to render less css in my express workspace.
Here is my current configuration (my css/less files are in 'public/stylo/') :

app.configure(function()
{
    app.set('views'      , __dirname + '/views'         );
    app.set('partials'   , __dirname + '/views/partials');
    app.set('view engine', 'jade'                       );
    app.use(express.bodyDecoder()   );
    app.use(express.methodOverride());
    app.use(express.compiler({ src: __dirname + '/public/stylo', enable: ['less']}));
    app.use(app.router);
    app.use(express.staticProvider(__dirname + '/public'));
});

Here is my main.jade file :

!!!
html(lang="en")
     head
         title Yea a title
         link(rel="stylesheet", type="text/css", href="/stylo/main.less")
         link(rel="stylesheet", href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/cssfamily=Droid+Sans|Droid+Sans+Mono|Ubuntu|Droid+Serif")
         script(src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.4/jquery.min.js")
         script(src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.8.7/jquery-ui.min.js")
     body!= body

here is my main.less css :

@import "goodies.css";

body 
{
    .googleFont;
    background-color     :  #000000;
    padding              :  20px;
    margin               :  0px;

    > .header
    {
        border-bottom    :  1px solid #BBB;
        background-color :  #f0f0f0;
        margin           :  -25px -25px 30px -25px; /* important */
        color            :  #333;
        padding          :  15px;
        font-size        :  18pt;
    }
}

AND here is my goodies.less css :

.rounded_corners(@radius: 10px)
{    
    -moz-border-radius   :  @radius;
    -webkit-border-radius:  @radius;
    border-radius        :  @radius;
}
.shadows(@rad1: 0px, @rad2: 1px, @rad3: 3px, @color: #999)
{
    -webkit-box-shadow   :  @rad1 @rad2 @rad3 @color;
    -moz-box-shadow      :  @rad1 @rad2 @rad3 @color;
    box-shadow           :  @rad1 @rad2 @rad3 @color;
}
.gradient (@type: linear, @pos1: left top, @pos2: left bottom, @color1: #f5f5f5, @color2: #ececec)
{
    background-image     :  -webkit-gradient(@type, @pos1, @pos2, from(@color1), to(@color2));
    background-image     :  -moz-linear-gradient(@color1, @color2);
}
.googleFont
{
    font-family          :  'Droid Serif';
}

Cool deal. Now: I have installed less via npm and I had heard from another post that @imports should reference the .css not the .less. In any case, I have tried the combinations of switching .less for .css in the jade and less files with no success.

If you can help or have the solution I'd greatly appreciate it.

Note: The jade portion works fine if I enter any ol' .css.
Note2: The less compiles if I use lessc via command line.

回答1:

Gosh, that stuff is very inconsistent in how the paths work, however I found out how you can get it to work.

The first problem is with your paths, both compiler and staticProvider, compiler needs to use /public and is will hook into all requests below that. If you don't do that, the compiler will try to use a path like /public/stylo/stylo.

The second problem lies with the @import in main.less file and the fact that less compiler is stupid and does not handle relative imports.

Using @import "/public/stylo/goodies.css"; in your main.less will make it work.

Filed a Bug for the relative path issue with less:
https://github.com/cloudhead/less.js/issues/issue/177

回答2:

If you want to minify the outputted css, I found that the built in compiler (from the connect module) was missing the compress option. So rather than writing my own middleware compiler for it. I overwrote the connect less compiler in my app.

var express = require('express');
var app = express.createServer();
var less;

express.compiler.compilers.less.compile = function (str, fn) {
    if (!less) less = require("less");                                                      
    try {
        less.render(str, { compress : true }, fn);
    } catch (err) {
        fn(err);
    }
};

app.use(express.compiler({ src: publicdir, enable: ['less'] }));

回答3:

The problem is that the compiler only compiles the file if its mtime is changed.

Lets say you have:

// A.less
@import "B.css";

and

// B.less
body {
  background: #f00;
}

I now I modify B.less, A will not be recompiled!

I have a pull request waiting since months, you can use my fork compiler instead of the master one.

https://github.com/senchalabs/connect/pull/167

回答4:

Two projects which could make your life easier

1. Buildr: The (Java|Coffee)Script and (CSS|Less) (Builder|Bundler|Packer|Minifier|Merger|Checker)

2. Less4Clients: Express.js extension to render LessCSS (.less) files server-side :)

回答5:

I've published a package on GitHub called node-kickstart-example which uses a handy pre-configured express with enabled jade template rendering and less stylesheet processing. Use npm to install kickstart, place your jade templates in views/ and your less files in assets/styles/ and your good to go…

Matt Sain's solution for generating compressed css files with less and express is in included in kickstart.