Multiply vector elements by a scalar value using S

问题:

Hi I want to (multiply,add,etc) vector by scalar value for example myv1 * 3 , I know I can do a function with a forloop , but is there a way of doing this using STL function? Something like the {Algorithm.h :: transform function }?

回答1:

Yes, using std::transform:

std::transform(myv1.begin(), myv1.end(), myv1.begin(),
               std::bind(std::multiplies<T>(), std::placeholders::_1, 3));

Before C++17 you could use std::bind1st(), which was deprecated in C++11.

std::transform(myv1.begin(), myv1.end(), myv1.begin(),
               std::bind1st(std::multiplies<T>(), 3));

For the placeholders;

#include <functional> 

回答2:

If you can use a valarray instead of a vector, it has builtin operators for doing a scalar multiplication.

v *= 3;

If you have to use a vector, you can indeed use transform to do the job:

transform(v.begin(), v.end(), v.begin(), _1 * 3);

(assuming you have something similar to Boost.Lambda that allows you to easily create anonymous function objects like _1 * 3 :-P)

回答3:

Mordern C++ solution for your question.

std::vector<double> myarray;
double myconstant{3.3};
std::transform(myarray.begin(), myarray.end(), myarray.begin(), [myconstant](auto& c){return c*myconstant;});

回答4:

I know this not STL as you want, but it is something you can adapt as different needs arise.

Below is a template you can use to calculate; 'func' would be the function you want to do: multiply, add, and so on; 'parm' is the second parameter to the 'func'. You can easily extend this to take different func's with more parms of varied types.

template<typename _ITStart, typename _ITEnd, typename _Func , typename _Value >
_ITStart xform(_ITStart its, _ITEnd ite, _Func func, _Value parm)
{
    while (its != ite) { *its = func(*its, parm); its++; }
    return its;
}
...

int mul(int a, int b) { return a*b; }

vector< int > v;

xform(v.begin(), v.end(), mul, 3); /* will multiply each element of v by 3 */

Also, this is not a 'safe' function, you must do type/value-checking etc. before you use it.

回答5:

I think for_each is very apt when you want to traverse a vector and manipulate each element according to some pattern, in this case a simple lambda would suffice:

std::for_each(myv1.begin(), mtv1.end(), [](int &el){el *= 3; });

note that any variable you want to capture for the lambda function to use (say that you e.g. wanted to multiply with some predetermined scalar), goes into the bracket as a reference.