Update some specific field of an entity in android

问题:

I am using android room persistence library for my new project. I want to update some field of table. I have tried like in my Dao -

// Method 1:

@Dao
public interface TourDao {
    @Update
    int updateTour(Tour tour);
}

But when I try to update using this method then it updates every field of the entity where it matches primary key value of tour object. I have used @Query

// Method 2:

@Query("UPDATE Tour SET endAddress = :end_address WHERE id = :tid")
int updateTour(long tid, String end_address);

It is working but there will be many queries in my case because I have many fields in my entity. I want to know how can I update some field (not all) like Method 1 where id = 1; (id is the auto generate primary key).

// Entity:

@Entity
public class Tour {
    @PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true)
    public long id;
    private String startAddress;
    private String endAddress;
    //constructor, getter and setter
}

回答1:

I want to know how can I update some field(not all) like method 1 where id = 1

Use @Query, as you did in Method 2.

is too long query in my case because I have many field in my entity

Then have smaller entities. Or, do not update fields individually, but instead have more coarse-grained interactions with the database.

IOW, there is nothing in Room itself that will do what you seek.

回答2:

According to SQLite Update Docs :

<!-- language: lang-java -->
@Query("UPDATE tableName SET 
    field1 = :value1,
    field2 = :value2, 
    ...
    //some more fields to update
    ...
    field_N= :value_N
    WHERE id = :id)

int updateTour(long id, 
               Type value1, 
               Type value2, 
               ... ,
               // some more values here
               ... ,
               Type value_N);

Example:

Entity:

@Entity(tableName = "orders")
public class Order {

@NonNull
@PrimaryKey
@ColumnInfo(name = "order_id")
private int id;

@ColumnInfo(name = "order_title")
private String title;

@ColumnInfo(name = "order_amount")
private Float amount;

@ColumnInfo(name = "order_price")
private Float price;

@ColumnInfo(name = "order_desc")
private String description;

// ... methods, getters, setters
}

Dao:

@Dao
public interface OrderDao {

@Query("SELECT * FROM orders")
List<Order> getOrderList();

@Query("SELECT * FROM orders")
LiveData<List<Order>> getOrderLiveList();

@Query("SELECT * FROM orders WHERE order_id =:orderId")
LiveData<Order> getLiveOrderById(int orderId);

/**
* Updating only price
* By order id
*/
@Query("UPDATE orders SET order_price=:price WHERE order_id = :id")
void update(Float price, intid);

/**
* Updating only amount and price
* By order id
*/
@Query("UPDATE orders SET order_amount = :amount, price = :price WHERE order_id =:id")
void update(Float amount, Float price, int id);

/**
* Updating only title and description
* By order id
*/
@Query("UPDATE orders SET order_desc = :description, order_title= :title WHERE order_id =:id")
void update(String description, String title, int id);

@Update
void update(Order order);

@Delete
void delete(Order order);

@Insert(onConflict = REPLACE)
void insert(Order order);
}

回答3:

If you need to update user information for a specific user ID "x",

1. you need to create a dbManager class that will initialise the database in its constructor and acts as a mediator between your viewModel and DAO, and also .

2. The ViewModel will initialize an instance of dbManager to access the database. The code should look like this:

      @Entity
       class User{
       @PrimaryKey
       String userId;
       String username;
       }
   
       Interface UserDao{
       //forUpdate
       @Update
       void updateUser(User user)
       }
   
       Class DbManager{
       //AppDatabase gets the static object o roomDatabase.
       AppDatabase appDatabase;
       UserDao userDao;
       public DbManager(Application application ){
       appDatabase = AppDatabase.getInstance(application);
   
       //getUserDao is and abstract method of type UserDao declared in AppDatabase //class
       userDao = appDatabase.getUserDao();
       } 
   
       public void updateUser(User user, boolean isUpdate){
       new InsertUpdateUserAsyncTask(userDao,isUpdate).execute(user);
       }
   
   
   
       public static class InsertUpdateUserAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<User, Void, Void> {
   
   
        private UserDao userDAO;
        private boolean isInsert;
   
        public InsertUpdateBrandAsyncTask(BrandDAO userDAO, boolean isInsert) {
          this. userDAO = userDAO;
          this.isInsert = isInsert;
        }
   
        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(User... users) {
          if (isInsert)
       userDAO.insertBrand(brandEntities[0]);
          else
       //for update
       userDAO.updateBrand(users[0]);
       //try {
       //  Thread.sleep(1000);
       //} catch (InterruptedException e) {
       //  e.printStackTrace();
       //}
          return null;
        }
         }
       }
   
        Class UserViewModel{
        DbManager dbManager;
        public UserViewModel(Application application){
        dbmanager = new DbMnager(application);
        }
   
        public void updateUser(User user, boolean isUpdate){
        dbmanager.updateUser(user,isUpdate);
        }
   
        }
   
   
   
   
   Now in your activity or fragment initialise your UserViewModel like this:
   
   UserViewModel userViewModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(UserViewModel.class);
   

   Then just update your user item this way, suppose your userId is 1122 and userName is "xyz" which has to be changed to "zyx".

   Get an userItem of id 1122 User object

User user = new user();
 if(user.getUserId() == 1122){
   user.setuserName("zyx");
   userViewModel.updateUser(user);
 }

This is a raw code, hope it helps you.

Happy coding