Maven: Including a META-INF folder in the classes

问题:

I have a very simple WAR project and I want to include a directory named META-INF at the top of the classes output folder where all the compiled Java classes are. I'm using Maven, but it seems that by default Maven won't include anything that is not a Java class. So it ignores my META-INF directory that is sitting at the top of the src directory. The META-INF directory contains a file named persistence.xml. Any quick pointers on how to instruct Maven to put this directory and file into the output folder?

回答1:

In general, for a Java-based Maven project, non-source files should go in the src/main/resources sub-directory of the project. The contents of that resources directory are copied to the output directory (by default, target/classes) during the process-resources phase of the build.

For Maven WAR projects, it is slightly more complicated: there is also the src/main/webapp directory, wherein Maven expects to find WEB-INF/web.xml. To build your WAR file, that file must exist; otherwise, you'll see an error message like this:

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] BUILD ERROR
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Error assembling WAR: webxml attribute is required (or pre-existing WEB-INF/web.xml if executing in update mode)

As the WEB-INF directory must exist under src/main/webapp, I'd recommend avoiding defining it again in src/main/resources. Although this is perfectly valid and the contents of the two directories will be merged, it can get confusing if a file is defined in both. The contents of src/main/resources will take precedence as they are copied over the top of the contents from src/main/webapp.

回答2:

Maven wants this type of information in the resources folder. See here for more information.

Project
|-- pom.xml
`-- src
    `-- main
        |-- java
        `-- resources

For specifying additional resource directories, see here.

回答3:

I'll indirectly answer your question by saying that if you've already made the jump to Maven2 I'd definitely recommend using the Archetype Plugin. Using the webapp archetype will ensure you end up with a canonical directory structure. Anyone else looking at your source will immediiately know where everything is and there won't be any question as to where your files go.

回答4:

Put this into pom.xml:

        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

回答5:

Give the below entry in POM.xml

<plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.1</version>
                <configuration>
                  <!--webappDirectory>/sample/servlet/container/deploy/directory</webappDirectory-->
                  <packagingExcludes>**/web.xml</packagingExcludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>