Bluebird, promises and then()

问题:

I've been only using bluebird for a few days but I want to go over all my old code and promisify it :)

My problem is that I still don't fully grasp the flow of then() commands.

Consider these two blocks:

A

methodThatReturnsAPromise().then(task2).then(task3);

B

var promise = methodThatReturnsAPromise();
promise.then(task2)
promise.then(task3);

1. in scenario A task3 will get the result of task2? In B they all get the result of the first promise?

2. How does the second one differ from running Promise.all from bluebird?

3. How do these A/B/Promise.all differ when it comes to using the catch method (where do I put it).

Sorry it's a bunch of questions in one.

回答1:

Welcome to the wonderful world of promises.

How then works in your example

Your assertion in 1 is correct. We can simulate a promise resolving in Bluebird using Promise.resolve on a value.

Let's show this:

Let's get a function that returns a promise:

function foo(){
    return Promise.resolve("Value");    
}

foo().then(alert);

This short snippet will alert "Value" as we can see.

Now, let's create two more promises, each that alert and return different values.

function task2(e){
    alert("In two got " + e);
    return " Two ";
}
function task3(e){
    alert("In three got " + e);
    return " Three ";
}

So, as you can see in your first code it will indeed resolve in a chain, each with the value of the previous part.

In the second example, both task2 and task3 will get the same value and will also execute together (that is, task 3 will not wait for task 2). You can see that here.

Promise.all

Promise.all (or just returning an array from a then fulfillment handler and then using .spread) is used for waiting for multiple results to all complete. On your example, you're hooking on a single result in multiple parts.

The catch

You always put catch where you want the error to be caught. As you would normally in synchronous code. Just remember to always throw in a promise or in promisified code.

回答2:

in scenario A task3 will get the result of task2? In B they all get the result of the first promise?

Yes.

How does the second one differ from running Promise.all from bluebird?

You do not fetch the results of the (parallel) tasks 2 and 3 into a new promise.

How do these A/B/Promise.all differ when it comes to using the catch method (where do I put it).

Usually you would put it on the end of the chain, except you want to catch a specific error.

promise.catch()
// handles rejections of this promise

promise.then(task2).catch()
// handles rejections from either promise or task2
// if promise is rejected, task2 will not be executed

Promise.all(promise.then(task2), promise.then(task3)).catch()
// handles rejections from any.
// if promise is rejected, neither task2 nor task3 will be executed
// if task2 or task3 throw, the error will immediately handled
// and the other task will not be affected (but its result is unavailable)

回答3:

You are not getting one simple principle chaining

In first one can be written like

var promise   = methodThatReturnsAPromise(),
    promise1  = promise.then(task2);
promise1.then(task3);

In second case

var promise   = methodThatReturnsAPromise();
promise.then(task2)
promise.then(task3);

Hope this explains the difference b/w the two