Rails: has_many through with polymorphic associati

问题:

A Person can have many Events and each Event can have one polymorphic Eventable record. How do I specify the relationship between the Person and the Eventable record?

Here are the models I have:

class Event < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :person
  belongs_to :eventable, :polymorphic => true
end

class Meal < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_one :event, :as => eventable
end

class Workout < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_one :event, :as => eventable
end

The main question concerns the Person class:

class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :events
  has_many :eventables, :through => :events  # is this correct???
end

Do I say has_many :eventables, :through => :events like I did above?

Or do I have to spell them all out like so:

has_many :meals, :through => :events
has_many :workouts, :through => :events

If you see an easier way to accomplish what I'm after, I'm all ears! :-)

回答1:

You have to do:

class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :events
  has_many :meals, :through => :events, :source => :eventable,
    :source_type => "Meal"
  has_many :workouts, :through => :events, :source => :eventable,
    :source_type => "Workout"
end

This will enable you to do this:

p = Person.find(1)

# get a person's meals
p.meals.each do |m|
  puts m
end

# get a person's workouts
p.workouts.each do |w|
  puts w
end

# get all types of events for the person
p.events.each do |e|
  puts e.eventable
end

回答2:

Another option of this is to use a Single Table Inheritance (STI) or Multi Table Inheritance (MTI) pattern, but that requires some ActiveRecord/DB Table rework, but this may help others still finding this who are designing it for the first time.

Here is the STI method in Rails 3+: Your Eventable concept becomes a class and needs a type column (which rails automatically populates for you).

class Eventable < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_one :event
end

Then, your other two classes inherit from Eventable instead of AR::Base

class Meal < Eventable
end

class Workout < Eventable
end

And your event object is basically the same, just not polymorphic:

class Event < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :person
  belongs_to :eventable
end

This may make some of your other layers more confusing, if you've never seen this before and you're not careful. For example, a single Meal object can be accessed at /meals/1 and /eventable/1 if you make both endpoints available in the routes, and you need to be aware of the class you're using when you pull an inherited object (hint: the becomes method may be very useful if you need to override the default rails behavior)

But this is a much cleaner deliniation of responsibilities as apps scale, in my experience. Just a pattern to consider.