Is there a way to make mv create the directory to

问题:

So, if I'm in my home directory and I want to move foo.c to ~/bar/baz/foo.c , but those directories don't exist, is there some way to have those directories automatically created, so that you would only have to type

mv foo.c ~/bar/baz/ 

and everything would work out? It seems like you could alias mv to a simple bash script that would check if those directories existed and if not would call mkdir and then mv, but I thought I'd check to see if anyone had a better idea.

回答1:

How about this one-liner (in bash):

mkdir --parents ./some/path/; mv yourfile.txt $_

Breaking that down:

mkdir --parents ./some/path

creates the directory (including all intermediate directories), after which:

mv yourfile.txt $_

moves the file to that directory ($_ expands to the last argument passed to the previous shell command, ie: the newly created directory).

I am not sure how far this will work in other shells, but it might give you some ideas about what to look for.

Here is an example using this technique:

$ > ls
$ > touch yourfile.txt
$ > ls
yourfile.txt
$ > mkdir --parents ./some/path/; mv yourfile.txt $_
$ > ls -F
some/
$ > ls some/path/
yourfile.txt

回答2:

mkdir -p `dirname /destination/moved_file_name.txt`  
mv /full/path/the/file.txt  /destination/moved_file_name.txt

回答3:

Save as a script named mv or mv.sh

#!/bin/bash
# mv.sh
dir="$2"
tmp="$2"; tmp="${tmp: -1}"
[ "$tmp" != "/" ] && dir="$(dirname "$2")"
[ -a "$dir" ] ||
mkdir -p "$dir" &&
mv "$@"

Or put at the end of your ~/.bashrc file as a function that replaces the default mv on every new terminal. Using a function allows bash keep it memory, instead of having to read a script file every time.

function mv ()
{
    dir="$2"
    tmp="$2"; tmp="${tmp: -1}"
    [ "$tmp" != "/" ] && dir="$(dirname "$2")"
    [ -a "$dir" ] ||
    mkdir -p "$dir" &&
    mv "$@"
}

These based on the submission of Chris Lutz.

回答4:

You can use mkdir:

mkdir -p ~/bar/baz/ && \
mv foo.c ~/bar/baz/

A simple script to do it automatically (untested):

#!/bin/sh

# Grab the last argument (argument number $#)    
eval LAST_ARG=\$$#

# Strip the filename (if it exists) from the destination, getting the directory
DIR_NAME=`echo $2 | sed -e 's_/[^/]*$__'`

# Move to the directory, making the directory if necessary
mkdir -p "$DIR_NAME" || exit
mv "$@"

回答5:

The following shell script, perhaps?

#!/bin/sh
if [[ -e $1 ]]
then
  if [[ ! -d $2 ]]
  then
    mkdir --parents $2
  fi
fi
mv $1 $2

That's the basic part. You might want to add in a bit to check for arguments, and you may want the behavior to change if the destination exists, or the source directory exists, or doesn't exist (i.e. don't overwrite something that doesn't exist).

回答6:

It sounds like the answer is no :). I don't really want to create an alias or func just to do this, often because it's one-off and I'm already in the middle of typing the mv command, but I found something that works well for that:

mv *.sh  shell_files/also_with_subdir/ || mkdir -p $_

If mv fails (dir does not exist), it will make the directory (which is the last argument to the previous command, so $_ has it). So just run this command, then up to re-run it, and this time mv should succeed.

回答7:

Sillier, but working way:

mkdir -p $2
rmdir $2
mv $1 $2

Make the directory with mkdir -p including a temporary directory that is shares the destination file name, then remove that file name directory with a simple rmdir, then move your file to its new destination. I think answer using dirname is probably the best though.

回答8:

The simpliest way to do that is :

 mkdir [directorie name] && mv [filename] $_

Let's suppose I downloaded pdf files located in my download directorie ( ~/download ) and I want to move all of then in a directorie that doesn't exit ( let's say "my_PDF" ).
I'll type the following commande ( making sure my current working directorie is ~/download ):

mkdir my_PDF && mv *.pdf $_

You can add -p option to mkdir if you want to create subdirectories just like this: (supposed i want to create a subdirectorie named "python" ):

mkdir -p my_PDF/python && mv *.pdf $_

回答9:

You can even use brace extensions:

mkdir -p directory{1..3}/subdirectory{1..3}/subsubdirectory{1..2}      

• which creates 3 directories (directory1, directory2, directory3),
  • and in each one of them two subdirectories (subdirectory1, subdirectory2),
    • and in each of them two subsubdirectories (subsubdirectory1 and subsubdirectory2).

You have to use bash 3.0 or newer.

回答10:

$what=/path/to/file;
$dest=/dest/path;

mkdir -p "$(dirname "$dest")";
mv "$what" "$dest"

回答11:

My one string solution:

test -d "/home/newdir/" || mkdir -p "/home/newdir/" && mv /home/test.txt /home/newdir/

回答12:

Code:

if [[ -e $1 && ! -e $2 ]]; then
   mkdir --parents --verbose -- "$(dirname -- "$2")"
fi
mv --verbose -- "$1" "$2"

Example:

arguments: "d1" "d2/sub"

mkdir: created directory 'd2'
renamed 'd1' -> 'd2/sub'

回答13:

You can chain commands:mkdir ~/bar/baz | mv foo.c ~/bar/baz/
or shell script is here:

#!/bin/bash
mkdir $2 | mv $1 $2

1. Open any text editor
2. Copy-paste shell script.
3. Save it as mkdir_mv.sh
4. Enter your script's directory: cd your/script/directory
5. Change file mode : chmod +x mkdir_mv.sh
6. Set alias: alias mv="./mkdir_mv.sh"
Now, whenever you run command mv moving directory will be created if does not exists.