sorting vector of vector of strings in C++

问题:

I am having trouble to figure out, how to sort a vector of vector of strings, here is the testing code.

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>

int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  std::vector <std::vector <std::string> > data_var;
  std::vector <std::string> temp;

  std::string str1 = "1,hello3,temp2";
  std::string str2 = "2,hello2,temp1";
  std::string str3 = "3,hello1,temp3";

  boost::split(temp, str1, boost::is_any_of(","));
  data_var.push_back(temp);
  boost::split(temp, str2, boost::is_any_of(","));
  data_var.push_back(temp);
  boost::split(temp, str3, boost::is_any_of(","));
  data_var.push_back(temp);

  // sorting code here...
}

Thanks in advance...

回答1:

If you only want to sort based on the second column, then you just need to provide a custom comparison operator. Once way to do that is:

struct StringListCompare
{
  bool operator()(const vector<string>& lhs, const vector<string>& rhs)
  {
    // what do we do if lhs or rhs don't have two elements?
    if (lhs.size() < 2 || rhs.size() < 2)
    {
      // ?
    }
    else
    {
      return lhs[1] < rhs[1];
    }
  }
} StringListComparer;

int main()
{
  // ...
  sort(data_var.begin(), data_var.end(), StringListComparer);
}

Edit: If you won't know until runtime which column you'll be sorting on, you can encode that in the sorting object:

class StringListCompare
{
public:
  explicit StringListCompare(int column) : m_column(column) {}
  bool operator()(const vector<string>& lhs, const vector<string>& rhs)
  {
    // what do we do if lhs or rhs don't have (m_column + 1) elements?
    return lhs[m_column] < rhs[m_column];
  }
private:
  int m_column;
};

Notice how we've added a constructor that takes which column it'll act on. You can use it like this:

  // We set it up so the columns are 0-based:
  StringListCompare compare_column_0(0), compare_column_1(1), compare_column_2(2);

  cout << "Original:\n" << data_var << endl;
  sort(data_var.begin(), data_var.end(), compare_column_2);
  cout << "Sorted on column 2:\n" << data_var << endl;
  sort(data_var.begin(), data_var.end(), compare_column_1);
  cout << "Sorted on column 1:\n" << data_var << endl;
  sort(data_var.begin(), data_var.end(), compare_column_0);
  cout << "Sorted on column 0:\n" << data_var << endl;

You don't even need to make the local variable if you don't want to:

  sort(data_var.begin(), data_var.end(), StringListCompare(2));
  cout << "Sorted on 2, no local sort variable:\n" << data_var << endl;

[Code at ideone]

回答2:

Alright: new -simpler- answer, having learned that vectors are comparable:

//sorting code here...
std::sort(data_var.begin(), data_var.end(), std::greater<std::vector<std::string>>());

回答3:

I'm going to assume each vector represents an record of some type, and compare the internal strings from left to right. Obviously the sorter() code is easily replaceable. You should to add a sorter() function somewhere to your code, and pass it to the std::sort algorithm.

bool sorter(const std::vector<std::string>& left, const std::vector<std::string>& right)
{
    //go through each column
    for(int i=0; i<left.size() && i<right.size()) {
        // if left is "more" return that we go higher
        if( left[i] > right[i])
            return true;
        // if left is "less" return that we go lower
        else if (left[i] < right[i])
            return false;
    }
    // if left is longer, it goes higher
    if (left.size() > right.size())
        return true;
    else //otherwise, left go lower
        return false;
 }

 int main() {
     std::vector <std::vector <std::string> > data_var;
     //...

     //sorting code here...
     std::sort(data_var.begin(), data_var.end(), sorter);

     //...
 }

回答4:

Check out the sort function from algorithm:

template <class RandomAccessIterator> void sort ( RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessIterator last );

template <class RandomAccessIterator, class Compare> void sort ( RandomAccessIterator first, RandomAccessIterator last, Compare comp );

Click here for an example + docs