How to block Winforms UI while background thread i

问题:

I've inherited a Winforms application that does a lot of long running calls into the application server from the UI thread, so the UI stays unresponsive, unusable, unclosable for quite some time. (Which makes me really go AAAAAAAAARGH!)

I plan to move the server calls to a background thread and have the UI disabled - but movable & closable - while the background thread does its work.

So what would be the best way to inhibit user input to my application? I'm thinking along the lines of "modal progress dialog", but I'd prefer a solution that does not force me to throw visuals into the face of the user (some server operations run within less than 500ms so a dialog is not optimal ...)

Is there any way in Winforms to prevent the user from launching actions or changing data in the application while letting through a few select things (resize, show, hide and family and the user closing the window)? I'd prefer a way that does not make me access every UI element in my forms and set it to disabled ... there are quite a lot of them and that application really has a "hacked in the UI designer until it shows flashy things" style of source code. No way of refactoring EVERY smelly thing until release date ...

Oh, by the way, this App lives in .net framework 2

回答1:

The only way I know of is to get some/all controls as disabled. However, depending on how the controls are laid out, it isn't necessary to set every control as disabled - when a container control is disabled, then all of its children are disabled, too. For example, if you have a GroupBox with some controls, if you set the GroupBox to disabled, then all of the controls within the GroupBox will be disabled, too.

回答2:

Choose some upper level container control (might be the form itself), and set it's Enabled property to false. All controls placed on that control will be disabled, which will prevent them from receiving input.

回答3:

The problem with simply enabling/disabling buttons is that UI events will still get added to the messagequeue while the task is running....

Say you have a Search button and a Reset button. When you click Search, you disable both buttons. The search runs for a while. If the user clicks Reset, even while it's disabled, the search will reset immediately upon completing.

The quick and dirty way around this is to add an

Application.DoEvents();

call immediately before re-enabling the buttons. DoEvents() will process all the click events on the controls, which will be ignored for controls that are still disabled.

回答4:

On the Win32 API level, there's a EnableWindow function you can disable any window hand with (you need to get the underlying handle of your main window, of course, and of any other top level windows). I haven't tested it in WinForms, though. (I'm pretty sure there are other answers on the User32 level, but I can't remember the API calls right now.)

Note: this doesn't grey out controls, which decreases its utility from a usability point of view (the user just sees a 'frozen application'). It gets marginally better if you at least set an hourglass cursor.

However, this is a quick-and-dirty way of dealing with asynchronous processing. Do you really need to lock the user out of your entire application? Perhaps it's just a few functions that should be banned while a request is underway?

回答5:

Unfortunately, with WinForms, you'll probably need to disable/enable the buttons in a single shared method. This is one of the advantages WPF brings over windows forms - it's much easier to handle these situations.

As for not blocking your UI - you'll need to move your calls to an asynchronous programming model. In your case, I'd recommend taking a look at the ThreadPool.

You'll want to do something like have the button disable your controls, call out your operation on the thread pool, then reenable them on completion.

回答6:

I'm answering an old thread here, but I saw this question and remembered an old WinForm app of mine where I had the same problem of disabling a form while still allowing it to be resized and moved etc. I loaded up my code and found the solution was to:

1. Place a Panel control on the form and give the Dock property a value of DockStyle.Fill.
2. Instead of placing all the form's constituent top-level controls directly into the form, put them into the Panel control.
3. Now for the magical bit - when you want to disable the form's controls, simply set the Panel's Enabled property to false. When you do this, all controls contained by the Panel control will become disabled too, but the form itself is still enabled, and therefore resizable etc.. To restore the state of all controls, simply set the Enabled property back to true.

Strictly speaking, you don't have to use a Panel control, any Container Control should exhibit the same behaviour. Even a PictureBox control will do the trick!