Win32 API command line arguments parsing

问题:

I'm writing Win32 console application, which can be started with optional arguments like this:

app.exe /argName1:"argValue" /argName2:"argValue"

Do I have to parse it manually (to be able to determine, which arguments are present) from argc/argv variables, or does Win32 API contain some arguments parser?

回答1:

There is no Win32 support for parsing command-line arguments.

See related articles at MSDN:
Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments
Argument Definitions
Customizing C++ Command-Line Processing

also look at similar questions:
What parameter parser libraries are there for C++?
Parsing parameters to main()
Option Parsers for C/C++?
What's an effective way to parse command line parameters in C++?
...

回答2:

The only support that Win32 provides for command line arguments are the functions GetCommandLine and CommandLineToArgvW. This is exactly the same as the argv parameter that you have for a console application.

You will have to do the parsing yourself. Regex would be a good option for this.

回答3:

You could mess around with various libraries and stuff... But sometimes all you require is something simple, practical and quick:

int i;
char *key, *value;

for( i = 1; i <= argc; i++ ) {
    if( *argv[i] == '/' ) {
        key = argv[i] + 1;
        value = strchr(key, ':');
        if( value != NULL ) *value++ = 0;
        process_option( key, value );
    } else {
        process_value( argv[i] );
    }
}

You get the idea...

This is assuming a normal Win32 console app as you have implied (which has a traditional main function). For Win32 apps you come in at WinMain instead, as another person has already commented.

回答4:

Just for the record, if you use MinGW's GCC, rather than Microsoft's MSVC, you get GNU getopt, (which also includes getopt_long and getopt_long_only variants), included within the standard runtime library.

回答5:

You can parse the arguments by using GetCommandLine, PathRemoveArgs, PathGetArgs in a loop

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb773742(v=vs.85).aspx

回答6:

I have been developing and using libparamset that is written in plain C. It is really powerful and works well on Windows. It provides:

• Is cross-platform.
• Wildcard support for file input on Windows!
• Powerful features. See libparamset.

回答7:

I don't believe that there is a Win32 API available. You can look for a Windows implementation of getopt or another library.

回答8:

Not sure about existence of such a win32 api function(s), but Boost.Program_Options library could help you.

回答9:

If your needs are simple, you might want to take a look at Argh!.
It is single header and super easy to use:

int main(int, char* argv[])
{
    argh::parser cmdl(argv);          // declare

    if (cmdl[{ "-v", "--verbose" }])  // use immediately
        std::cout << "Verbose, I am.\n";

    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

By being unintrusive, it doesn't take over you main() function.

From the Readme:

Philosophy

Contrary to many alternatives, argh takes a minimalist laissez-faire approach, very suitable for fuss-less prototyping with the following rules:

The API is:

• Minimalistic but expressive:
  • No getters nor binders
  • Just the [] and () operators.
  • Easy iteration (range-for too).
• You don't pay for what you don't use;
• Conversion to typed variables happens (via std::istream >>) on the user side after the parsing phase;
• No exceptions thrown for failures.
• Liberal BSD license;
• Single header file;
• No non-std dependencies.

argh does not care about:

• How many '-' preceded your option;
• Which flags and options you support - that is your responsibility;
• Syntax validation: any command line is a valid (not necessarily unique) combination of positional parameters, flags and options;
• Automatically producing a usage message.