Entity Framework Core Auto Generated guid

问题:

Can some One guide me I want primeryKey of a table as guid having db generated value on insert.

[Key]
[DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
public Guid Id { get; set; }

but it's giving error

The seed entity for entity type 'User' cannot be added because there was no value provided for the required property 'Id'.

Here is my actual model classes and DbContxt class:

public class BaseModel
{
     [Key]
     [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
     public Guid Id { get; set; }

     [Required]
     [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
     public DateTime CreatedOn { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;


     [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Computed)]
     public DateTime? UpdatedOn { get; set; }

     [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Computed)]
     public DateTime LastAccessed { get; set; }
 }

 public class User : BaseModel
 {
        [Required]
        [MinLength(3)]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [Required]
        [MinLength(3)]
        [EmailAddress]
        public string Email { get; set; }

        [Required]
        [MinLength(6)]
        public string Password { get; set; }
  }

Then in the DbContxt:

public class DBContaxt : DbContext
    {
        public DBContaxt(DbContextOptions<DBContaxt> options)
            : base(options)
        {
        }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder mb)
        {
            base.OnModelCreating(mb);

            mb.Entity<User>().HasData(
                new User() { Email = "[e-mail]", Name = "Mubeen", Password = "123123" },
                new User() { Email = "[e-mail]", Name = "Tahir", Password = "321321" },
                new User() { Email = "[e-mail]", Name = "Cheema", Password = "123321" }
                );
        }

        public DbSet<User> User { get; set; }
    }

Any help please!

回答1:

The problem you are experiencing is not specific for autogenerated Guids. The same happens for any autogenerated key values, including the commonly used auto increment (identity) columns.

It's caused by a specific Data Seeding (HasData) requirement:

This type of seed data is managed by migrations and the script to update the data that's already in the database needs to be generated without connecting to the database. This imposes some restrictions:

• The primary key value needs to be specified even if it's usually generated by the database. It will be used to detect data changes between migrations.
• Previously seeded data will be removed if the primary key is changed in any way.

Note the first bullet. So while for normal CRUD your PK will be auto generated, you are required to specify it when using HasData fluent API, and the value must be constant (not changing), so you can't use Guid.NewGuid(). So you need to generate several Guids, take their string representation and use something like this:

mb.Entity<User>().HasData(
    new User() { Id = new Guid("pre generated value 1"), ... },
    new User() { Id = new Guid("pre generated value 2"), ... },
    new User() { Id = new Guid("pre generated value 3"), ... }
    );

回答2:

[DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)] on GUID field works on Entity Framework 6.x, may be not in EF Core yet!

So the solution is:

1) First write your BaseModel class as follows:

public class BaseModel
{
    [Key]
    public Guid Id { get; set; }

    public DateTime CreatedOn { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;

    public DateTime? UpdatedOn { get; set; }

    public DateTime LastAccessed { get; set; }
}

2) Then OnModelCreating() method in your DbContext should be as follows:

protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
      base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);

      modelBuilder.Entity<YourEntity>().Property(x => x.Id).HasDefaultValueSql("NEWID()");

      modelBuilder.Entity<User>().HasData(
            new User() { Id  = Guid.NewGuid(), Email = "[e-mail]", Name = "Mubeen", Password = "123123" },
            new User() { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), Email = "[e-mail]", Name = "Tahir", Password = "321321" },
            new User() { Id = Guid.NewGuid(),  Email = "[e-mail]", Name = "Cheema", Password = "123321" }
            );
 }

Now create a brand new migration and update the database accordingly. Hope your problem will be solved!

回答3:

You can use defaultValueSql: "newid()" in your Code First Migration file.

For Example;

 public override void Up()
    {
        CreateTable(
            "dbo.ExampleTable",
            c => new
            {
                Id = c.Guid(nullable: false, identity: true, defaultValueSql: "newid()"),               
                RowGuid = c.Guid(nullable: false, defaultValueSql: "newid()"),

            })
            .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id);           
    }

回答4:

Rather than manually updating the migration, you could also implement an update in the OnModelCreating that adds it into the migration for you, e.g.

protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
    // guid identities
    foreach (var entity in modelBuilder.Model.GetEntityTypes()
        .Where(t =>
            t.ClrType.GetProperties()
                .Any(p => p.CustomAttributes.Any(a => a.AttributeType == typeof(DatabaseGeneratedAttribute)))))
    {
        foreach (var property in entity.ClrType.GetProperties()
            .Where(p => p.PropertyType == typeof(Guid) && p.CustomAttributes.Any(a => a.AttributeType == typeof(DatabaseGeneratedAttribute))))
        {
            modelBuilder
                .Entity(entity.ClrType)
                .Property(property.Name)
                .HasDefaultValueSql("newsequentialid()");
        }
    }

}  

回答5:

GUID is handled by Identity framework and not by EF, so to use GUID you need to do as the following

[Key]
public Guid Id { get; set; }

and then prepare the model before insert into table

new User() { Id = Guid.NewGuid(), Email = "[e-mail]", Name = "Mubeen", Password = "123123" },

回答6:

modelBuilder.Entity("Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole", b =>
        {
            b.Property<string>("Id").HasMaxLength(36)
                .ValueGeneratedOnAdd();
});

回答7:

1. Create an extension method for easy use:

namespace Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore
{
    using System;
    using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Reflection;
    public static class ModelBuilderExtensions
    {
        public static void SetDefaultValuesTableName(this ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            foreach (var entity in modelBuilder.Model.GetEntityTypes().Where(x => x.ClrType.GetCustomAttribute(typeof(TableAttribute)) != null))
            {
                var entityClass = entity.ClrType;

                foreach (var property in entityClass.GetProperties().Where(p => (p.PropertyType == typeof(DateTime) || p.PropertyType == typeof(Guid)) && p.CustomAttributes.Any(a => a.AttributeType == typeof(DatabaseGeneratedAttribute))))
                {
                    var defaultValueSql = "GetDate()";
                    if (property.PropertyType == typeof(Guid))
                    {
                        defaultValueSql = "newsequentialid()";
                    }
                    modelBuilder.Entity(entityClass).Property(property.Name).HasDefaultValueSql(defaultValueSql);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

2. Modify your OnModelCreating method

    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        modelBuilder.SetDefaultValuesTableName();
    }

3. Profit

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