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问题:

My system sends a couple of important emails. What is the best way to unit test that?

I see you can put it in pretend mode and it goes in the log. Is there something to check that?

回答1:

There are two options.

Option 1 - Mock the mail facade to test the mail is being sent. Something like this would work:

$mock = Mockery::mock('Swift_Mailer');
$this->app['mailer']->setSwiftMailer($mock);
$mock->shouldReceive('send')->once()
    ->andReturnUsing(function($msg) {
        $this->assertEquals('My subject', $msg->getSubject());
        $this->assertEquals('foo@bar.com', $msg->getTo());
        $this->assertContains('Some string', $msg->getBody());
    });

Option 2 is much easier - it is to test the actual SMTP using MailCatcher.me. Basically you can send SMTP emails, and 'test' the email that is actually sent. Laracasts has a great lesson on how to use it as part of your Laravel testing here.

回答2:

For Laravel 5.4 check Mail::fake(): https://laravel.com/docs/5.4/mocking#mail-fake

回答3:

"Option 1" from "@The Shift Exchange" is not working in Laravel 5.1, so here is modified version using Proxied Partial Mock:

$mock = \Mockery::mock($this->app['mailer']->getSwiftMailer());
$this->app['mailer']->setSwiftMailer($mock);
$mock
    ->shouldReceive('send')
    ->withArgs([\Mockery::on(function($message)
    {
        $this->assertEquals('My subject', $message->getSubject());
        $this->assertSame(['foo@bar.com' => null], $message->getTo());
        $this->assertContains('Some string', $message->getBody());
        return true;
    }), \Mockery::any()])
    ->once();

回答4:

If you just don't want the e-mails be really send, you can turn off them using the "Mail::pretend(true)"

class TestCase extends Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\TestCase {
    private function prepareForTests() {
      // e-mail will look like will be send but it is just pretending
      Mail::pretend(true);
      // if you want to test the routes
      Route::enableFilters();
    }
}

class MyTest extends TestCase {
    public function testEmail() {
      // be happy
    }
}

回答5:

If any one is using docker as there development environment I end up solving this by:

Setup

.env

...
MAIL_FROM       = noreply@example.com

MAIL_DRIVER     = smtp
MAIL_HOST       = mail
EMAIL_PORT      = 1025
MAIL_URL_PORT   = 1080
MAIL_USERNAME   = null
MAIL_PASSWORD   = null
MAIL_ENCRYPTION = null

config/mail.php

# update ...

'port' => env('MAIL_PORT', 587),

# to ...

'port' => env('EMAIL_PORT', 587),

(I had a conflict with this environment variable for some reason)

Carrying on...

docker-compose.ymal

mail:
    image: schickling/mailcatcher
    ports:
        - 1080:1080

app/Http/Controllers/SomeController.php

use App\Mail\SomeMail;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Routing\Controller as BaseController;


class SomeController extends BaseController
{
    ...
    public function getSomething(Request $request)
    {
        ...
        Mail::to('someone@example.com')->send(new SomeMail('Body of the email'));
        ...
    }

app/Mail/SomeMail.php

<?php

namespace App\Mail;

use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Mail\Mailable;
use Illuminate\Queue\SerializesModels;

class SomeMail extends Mailable
{
    use Queueable, SerializesModels;

    public $body;

    public function __construct($body = 'Default message')
    {
        $this->body = $body;
    }

    public function build()
    {
        return $this
            ->from(ENV('MAIL_FROM'))
            ->subject('Some Subject')
            ->view('mail.someMail');
    }
}

resources/views/mail/SomeMail.blade.php

<h1>{{ $body }}</h1>

Testing

tests\Feature\EmailTest.php

use Tests\TestCase;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Controllers\SomeController;

class EmailTest extends TestCase
{
    privete $someController;
    private $requestMock;

    public function setUp()
    {
        $this->someController = new SomeController();
        $this->requestMock = \Mockery::mock(Request::class);
    }

    public function testEmailGetsSentSuccess()
    {
        $this->deleteAllEmailMessages();

        $emails = app()->make('swift.transport')->driver()->messages();
        $this->assertEmpty($emails);

        $response = $this->someController->getSomething($this->requestMock);

        $emails = app()->make('swift.transport')->driver()->messages();
        $this->assertNotEmpty($emails);

        $this->assertContains('Some Subject', $emails[0]->getSubject());
        $this->assertEquals('someone@example.com', array_keys($emails[0]->getTo())[0]);
    }

    ...

    private function deleteAllEmailMessages()
    {
        $mailcatcher = new Client(['base_uri' => config('mailtester.url')]);
        $mailcatcher->delete('/messages');
    }
}

(This has been copied and edited from my own code so might not work first time)

(source: https://stackoverflow.com/a/52177526/563247)