I maintain a program which can be automated via COM. Generally customers use VBS to do their scripting, but we have a couple of customers who use Matlab's ActiveX support and are having trouble calling COM object methods with a NULL parameter.
They've asked how they do this in Matlab - and I've been scouring Mathworks' COM/ActiveX documentation for a day or so now and can't figure it out.
Their example code might look something like this:
function do_something()
OurAppInstance = actxserver('Foo.Application');
OurAppInstance.Method('Hello', NULL)
end
where NULL is where in another language, we'd write NULL or nil or Nothing, or, of course, pass in an object. The problem is this is optional (and these are implemented as optional parameters in most, but not all, cases) - these methods expect to get NULL quite often.
They tell me they've tried [] (which from my reading seemed the most likely) as well as '', Nothing, 'Nothing', None, Null, and 0. I have no idea how many of those are even valid Matlab keywords - certainly none work in this case.
Can anyone help? What's Matlab's syntax for a null pointer / object for use as a COM method parameter?
Update: Thanks for all the replies so far! Unfortunately, none of the answers seem to work, not even libpointer. The error is the same in all cases:
Error: Type mismatch, argument 2
This parameter in the COM type library is described in RIDL as:
HRESULT _stdcall OurMethod([in] BSTR strParamOne, [in, optional] OurCoClass* oParamTwo, [out, retval] VARIANT_BOOL* bResult);
The coclass in question implements a single interface descending from IDispatch.
I'm answering my own question here, after talking to Matlab tech support: There is no equivalent of Nothing, and Matlab does not support this.
In detail: Matlab does support optional arguments, but does not support passing in variant NULL pointers (actually, to follow exactly how VB's Nothing works, a VT_EMPTY variant, I think) whether as an optional argument or not. There is documentation about some null / pointerish types, a lot of which is mentioned in my question or in various answers, but these don't seem to be useable with their COM support.
I was given a workaround by Matlab support using a COM DLL they created and Excel to create a dummy nothing object that could be passed around in scripts. I haven't managed to get this workaround / hack working, and even if I had unfortunately I probably could not redistribute it. However, if you encounter the same problem this description might give you a starting point at least!
Edit
It is possible this Old New Thing blog post may be related. (I no longer work with access to the problematic source code, or access to Matlab, to refresh my memory or to test.)
Briefly, for IUnknown (or derived) parameters, you need a [unique] attribute for them to legally be NULL. The above declaration required Matlab create or pass in a VT_EMPTY variant, which it couldn't do. Perhaps adding [unique] may have prompted the Matlab engine to pass in a NULL pointer (or variant containing a NULL pointer), instead - assuming it was able to do that, which is guesswork.
This is all speculation since this code and the intricacies of it are several years behind me at this point. However, I hope it helps any future reader.
From the mathworks documentation, you can use the libpointer function:
p = libpointer;
and then p will be a NULL pointer. See that page for more details.
See also: more information about libpointer.
Peter's answer should work, but something you might want to try is NaN, which is what Matlab ususally uses as a NULL value.
In addition to using [] and libpointer (as suggested by Peter), you can also try {}.
The correct answer for something in VB that is expecting a Nothing argument, is to somehow get a COM/ActiveX Variant which has a variant type of VT_EMPTY. (see MSDN docs which reference marshaling behavior for Visual Basic Nothing)
MATLAB may do this with the empty array ([]), but I'm not sure.... so it may not be possible purely in MATLAB. Although someone could easily write a tiny COM library whose purpose is to create a Variant with VT_EMPTY.
But if the argument has the [optional] atttribute, and you want to leave that optional argument blank, you should not do this. See the COM/ActiveX docs on Variants which say under VT_EMPTY:
VT_EMPTY: No value was specified. If an optional argument to an Automation method is left blank, do not pass a VARIANT of type VT_EMPTY. Instead, pass a VARIANT of type VT_ERROR with a value of DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND.
Matlab should (but probably does not) provide methods to create these objects (a "nothing" and an "optional blank") so you can interface correctly with COM objects.
