Read text from image using OCR for the image which

问题:

In the example image (just a reference, my images will be of same pattern) a page which have full horizontal text and other have two horizontal column of text.

How to automatically detect the pattern of the document and read one after the other column of data in python?.

I am using Tesseract OCR with Psm 6, where it is reading horizontally which is wrong.

回答1:

One way to accomplish this is using morphological operations and contour detection.

With the former you essentially "bleed" all characters into a big chunky blob. With the latter, you locate these blobs in your image and extract the ones that seem interesting (meaning: big enough).

Script used:

import cv2
import sys

SCALE = 4
AREA_THRESHOLD = 427505.0 / 2

def show_scaled(name, img):
    try:
        h, w  = img.shape
    except ValueError:
        h, w, _  = img.shape
    cv2.imshow(name, cv2.resize(img, (w // SCALE, h // SCALE)))

def main():
    img = cv2.imread(sys.argv[1])
    img = img[10:-10, 10:-10] # remove the border, it confuses contour detection
    gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    show_scaled("original", gray)

    # black and white, and inverted, because
    # white pixels are treated as objects in
    # contour detection
    thresholded = cv2.adaptiveThreshold(
                gray, 255,
                cv2.ADAPTIVE_THRESH_MEAN_C, cv2.THRESH_BINARY_INV,
                25,
                15
            )
    show_scaled('thresholded', thresholded)
    # I use a kernel that is wide enough to connect characters
    # but not text blocks, and tall enough to connect lines.
    kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (13, 33))
    closing = cv2.morphologyEx(thresholded, cv2.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel)

    im2, contours, hierarchy = cv2.findContours(closing, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
    show_scaled("closing", closing)

    for contour in contours:
        convex_contour = cv2.convexHull(contour)
        area = cv2.contourArea(convex_contour)
        if area > AREA_THRESHOLD:
            cv2.drawContours(img, [convex_contour], -1, (255,0,0), 3)

    show_scaled("contours", img)
    cv2.imwrite("/tmp/contours.png", img)
    cv2.waitKey()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Then all you need is to compute the bounding box of the contour, and cut it from the original image. Add a bit of a margin and feed the whole thing to tesseract.