How to create singleton DB class in GoLang

问题:

EDITED Solved: How should I create a singleton DBManager class in GoLang.

I Referred a few code samples of how to create go singleton but I wish to have methods in those and call them on their singleton reference. My Code is as follows

package dbprovider

import (
    "github.com/jinzhu/gorm"
    _"github.com/jinzhu/gorm/dialects/sqlite"
    "rest/article"
    "log"
)

type DBOperations interface {
    AddArticle(article *article.Article)
}

type DBManager struct {
    db            *gorm.DB
    isInitialized bool
}

var dbManagerInstance = new()

func GetDBManager() DBManager {
    return dbManagerInstance
}

func new() DBManager {
    localDbRef, err := gorm.Open("sqlite3", "../articles.db")
    if (err != nil) {
        panic("Error initializing db")
    } else {
        log.Print("DB Initialized successfully")
    }
    return DBManager{db:localDbRef, isInitialized:true}
}

func (dbManager DBManager)  AddArticle(article article.Article) (err error) {
    if (dbManager.isInitialized) {
        tx := dbManager.db.Begin()
        //dbManager.db.NewRecord(article)
        //dbManager.db.Commit()
        tx.NewRecord(article)
        tx.Commit()
        errs := dbManager.db.GetErrors()
        if (len(errs) > 0) {
            err = errs[0]
        } else {
            log.Print("No error in this transactions")
        }

    }
    return
}

With a new answer I have updated this question including answer. But I have a few queries. How to cathc and return exception from gorm.Create(..)

回答1:

One way is to create an exported interface with the methods, and make the implementing type unexported. Create a global variable of the interface type, and initialize it with a package init() function. You don't need any synchronization as the package init() function will run only once, safely.

Package init() functions are executed once, automatically, by the runtime, before you could refer to anything from the package. For details, see Spec: Package initialization.

For example:

package dbprovider

type Manager interface {
    AddArticle(article *article.Article) error
    // Add other methods
}

type manager struct {
    db *gorm.DB
}

var Mgr Manager

func init() {
    db, err := gorm.Open("sqlite3", "../articles.db")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("Failed to init db:", err)
    }
    Mgr = &manager{db: db}
}

func (mgr *manager) AddArticle(article *article.Article) (err error) {
    mgr.db.Create(article)
    if errs := mgr.db.GetErrors(); len(errs) > 0 {
        err = errs[0]
    }
    return
}

Using it:

import "dbprovider"

if err := dbprovider.Mgr.AddArticle(someArticle); err != nil {
    // Handle error
}

You could also do it without an init() function, e.g.:

var Mgr = newManager()

func newManager() Manager {
    db, err := gorm.Open("sqlite3", "../articles.db")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("Failed to init db:", err)
    }
    return &manager{db: db}
}

With this you may decide to make newManager() exported and users of your package could decide to use the shared Mgr instance, or they could create another Manager, e.g. for testing purposes.

Notes: Mgr is an exported global variable, and it is possible to assign a new value to it by other packages (e.g. dbprovider.Mgr = nil). If you want to avoid this, you have to make it unexported, and provide a "getter" function for it, e.g.:

var mgr = newManager()

func Mgr() Manager { return mgr }

And using it:

err := dbprovider.Mgr().AddArticle(someArticle)