lxml.etree, element.text doesn't return the en

问题:

I scrapped some html via xpath, that I then converted into an etree. Something similar to this:

<td> text1 <a> link </a> text2 </td>

but when I call element.text, I only get text1 (It must be there, when I check my query in FireBug, the text of the elements is highlighted, both the text before and after the embedded anchor elements...

回答1:

Use element.xpath("string()") or lxml.etree.tostring(element, method="text") - see the documentation.

回答2:

looks like an lxml bug to me, but according to design if you read the documentation. I've solved it like this:

def node_text(node):
    if node.text:
        result = node.text
    else:
        result = ''
    for child in node:
        if child.tail is not None:
            result += child.tail
    return result

回答3:

Another thing that seems to be working well to get the text out of an element is "".join(element.itertext())

回答4:

As a public service to people out there who may be as lazy as I am. Here's some code from above that you can run.

from lxml import etree

def get_text1(node):
    result = node.text or ""
    for child in node:
        if child.tail is not None:
            result += child.tail
    return result

def get_text2(node):
    return ((node.text or '') +
            ''.join(map(get_text2, node)) +
            (node.tail or ''))

def get_text3(node):
    return (node.text or "") + "".join(
        [etree.tostring(child) for child in node.iterchildren()])


root = etree.fromstring(u"<td> text1 <a> link </a> text2 </td>")

print root.xpath("text()")
print get_text1(root)
print get_text2(root)
print root.xpath("string()")
print etree.tostring(root, method = "text")
print etree.tostring(root, method = "xml")
print get_text3(root)

Output is:

snowy:rpg$ python test.py 
[' text1 ', ' text2 ']
 text1  text2 
 text1  link  text2 
 text1  link  text2 
 text1  link  text2 
<td> text1 <a> link </a> text2 </td>
 text1 <a> link </a> text2 

回答5:

<td> text1 <a> link </a> text2 </td>

Here's how it is (ignoring whitespace):

td.text == 'text1'
a.text == 'link'
a.tail == 'text2'

If you don't want a text that is inside child elements then you could collect only their tails:

text = td.text + ''.join([el.tail for el in td])

回答6:

def get_text_recursive(node):
    return (node.text or '') + ''.join(map(get_text_recursive, node)) + (node.tail or '')

回答7:

If the element is equal to <td>. You can do the following.

element.xpath('.//text()')

It will give you a list of all text elements from self (the meaning of the dot). // means that it will take all elements and finally text() is the function to extract text.

回答8:

element.xpath('normalize-space()') also works.