How do I get PowerShell 4 cmdlets such as Test-Net

问题:

The situation. On a Windows 7 SP1 machine, I have updated with Windows6.1-KB2819745-x64-MultiPkg.msu. Furthermore, in PowerShell $PSVersionTable now reports ‘PSVersion 4.0’.

At present, my conclusion is that many PowerShell 4 cmdlets such Test-NetConnection, will only work on Windows 8.1. However, I was wondering if there was a work-around whereby I could import PowerShell 4 modules on my Windows 7 machine.

回答1:

You cannot. They rely on the underlying features of the newer OS (8.0 or 8.1) and cannot be ported back to Windows 7 . The alternative is to write your own functions / modules to replicate the new cmdlets using .NET framework methods.

For instance, the Get-FileHash cmdlet is a one-liner in PowerShell 4.0, but to replicate in 2.0 we have to use .NET.

PowerShell v4

Get-FileHash -Algorithm SHA1 "C:\Windows\explorer.exe"

PowerShell v2

$SHA1 = new-object -TypeName System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1CryptoServiceProvider
$file = [System.IO.File]::Open("C:\Windows\explorer.exe",[System.IO.Filemode]::Open, [System.IO.FileAccess]::Read)
[System.BitConverter]::ToString($SHA1.ComputeHash($file)) -replace "-",""
$file.Close()

回答2:

At least Test-NetConnection can be ported back to Windows 7. Just copy folders NetTCPIP, DnsClient, and NetSecurity from the supported Windows machine with the same PowerShell version (Windows 8.1, Windows 10, etc). Folder - C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules. Then Import-Module -Name C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules\NetTCPIP -Verbose

Alternatively, you can import a module from a remote machine (say win2012):

$rsession = New-PSSession -ComputerName win2012
Import-Module NetTCPIP -PSSession $rsession

I have had the same problem on my Windows 7 x64 and both solutions worked for me as of PowerShell 5.1.

回答3:

Adding to Anton Krouglov's answer. PowerShell modules are cross-platform compatible. So a module copied from Windows Server 2012 R2 x64 can be imported to Windows 7 x86, and even if you are running as standard user without rights to copy them to C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules you can copy it to any local folder, and run.

Assuming you copied the NetTCPIP, DnsClient, and NetSecurity modules from a Windows Server 2012 or higher machine, and save them to a folder you can import them using

Get-ChildItem -Directory .\psmodules | foreach { Import-Module -Name $_.FullName -Verbose}
Test-NetConnection -InformationLevel "Detailed"

回答4:

As far as I know, Windows Server 2008 R2/Windows 7 simply doesn't have the counters that the .NET methods use to implement get-netstuff.

A new PowerShell version can implement hash compare, etc. since this is not related to anything, just a piece of code. But if you want to use, for example, Get-NetTCPConnection there is nothing to show.

回答5:

While PowerShell 4.0 is available on Windows 7, as Knuckle-Dragger states certain features rely on newer operating system functionality. Unfortunately Test-NetConnection is not available in Windows 7 as stated in the documentation.

Test-Connection, which is present, is basically ping. Test-NetConnection offers much more functionality, allowing a choice of things such as TCP ports, protocols, route tracing, and information levels.

There is a Send-Ping script available from the ScriptCenter in the TechNet gallery, but I think this is only really useful if you are stuck on PowerShell 3.0 for some reason.

回答6:

I can only assume you installed the wrong package. Make sure you download the proper package from here.

Below you will see in running Windows 7 Service Pack 1 with PowerShell 4 using Test-Connection and Get-FileHash: