Alter Primary Key in Alembic?

问题:

I've read through the docs, but I can't find instructions on this anywhere. I tried dropping the old key and adding a new one, but that gets me errors:

op.drop_constraint('PRIMARY', 'some_table', type_='primary')
op.create_primary_key('PRIMARY', 'some_table', ['col1', 'col2'])

sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (OperationalError) (1025, "Error on rename of ... (errno: 150 - Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed)") 'ALTER TABLE some_table DROP PRIMARY KEY ' ()

What am I doing wrong?

回答1:

I also was in the same situation: alter primary key. In my case, I had to change the primary key type from integer to string.

The primary key also had a foreign key relationship to another table. The earlier alembic migration created the foreign key constraint in the following way:

#!/usr/bin/python3

from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa


def upgrade():
    op.create_table('user',
                    sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), nullable=False),
                    sa.Column('name', sa.String(length=100), nullable=False),
                    sa.Column('username', sa.String(length=100), nullable=False),
                    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_user')),
                    sa.UniqueConstraint('username', name=op.f('uq_user_username'))
                    )

    op.create_table('role',
                    sa.Column('id', sa.Integer, primary_key=True),
                    sa.Column('name', sa.String(100)),
                    sa.Column('description', sa.String(255)),
                    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id', name=op.f('pk_role'))
                    )

    op.create_table('roles_users',
                    sa.Column('user_id', sa.Integer, nullable=True),
                    sa.Column('role_id', sa.Integer, nullable=True),
                    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['user_id'], ['user.id'],
                                            name=op.f('fk_roles_user_user_id_user')),
                    sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(['role_id'], ['role.id'],
                                            name=op.f('fk_roles_user_role_id_role'))
                    )

Now when changing the primary key type of the user table from Integer to String, I had to do the following:

from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa


def upgrade():
    # Drop primary key constraint. Note the CASCASE clause - this deletes the foreign key constraint.
    op.execute('ALTER TABLE user DROP CONSTRAINT pk_user CASCADE')
    # Change primary key type
    op.alter_column('user', 'id', existing_type=sa.Integer, type_=sa.VARCHAR(length=25))
    op.alter_column('roles_users', 'user_id', existing_type=sa.Integer, type_=sa.VARCHAR(length=25))
    # Re-create the primary key constraint
    op.create_primary_key('pk_user', 'user', ['id'])
    # Re-create the foreign key constraint
    op.create_foreign_key('fk_roles_user_user_id_user', 'roles_users', 'user', ['user_id'], ['id'], ondelete='CASCADE')

Flask version: 0.12.1

Alembic version: 0.9.1

Python version: 3.4.4

Hope this information helps someone facing a similar problem.

回答2:

I came across this question looking for a sample migration. So here is my full migration that drops the PK constraint and adds a new AUTO INCREMENT PK instead:

from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa
from sqlalchemy.dialects.mysql import INTEGER


def upgrade():
    op.drop_constraint('PRIMARY', 'similar_orders', type_='primary')

    op.execute("ALTER TABLE similar_orders ADD COLUMN id INTEGER UNSIGNED NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT")


def downgrade():
    op.drop_column('similar_orders', 'id')

    op.create_primary_key("similar_orders_pk", "similar_orders", ["order_id", ])

Altering PK on column does not work in alembic, use drop_constraint instead, see here. Hope this helps!