Upload image with HttpClient

问题:

Problem

I try to upload an image with angular's HttpClient to API Content-Type: multipart/form-data (angular v4+). Is it supported? How to do it?

The upload works with XMLHttpRequest when using module like ng2-fancy-image-uploader. I would prefer to use a custom method with HttpClient which i could put into a http service together with other methods for accessing API.

Here is what i have tried so far:

model.service.ts

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient, HttpHeaders, HttpResponse } from '@angular/common/http';
import 'rxjs/add/operator/toPromise';

@Injectable()
export class ModelService {
  constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }

  public async updateAvatar(file: File): Promise<void> {

    // headers
    const headers = new HttpHeaders()
      .append('Content-Type', 'multipart/form-data');

    const formData: FormData = new FormData();
    formData.append('avatar', file, file.name);

    const response: HttpResponse = await this.http
      .patch('https://example.com/avatar', formData, { headers, observe: 'response' })
      .toPromise();

    console.log(response.status);
  }
}

avatar-uploader.component.ts

import { Component, ElementRef, OnInit, ViewChild } from '@angular/core';
import { ModelService } from './path/to/model.service';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-avatar-uploader',
  template: '<input type="file" #fileInput (changes)="uploadAvatar()">'
})
export class AvatarUploaderComponent implements OnInit {

  @ViewChild('fileInput') fileInputElement: ElementRef;

  constructor() { }

  ngOnInit() { }

  public async uploadAvatar() {
    const file: File = this.fileInputElement.nativeElement.files[0];

    await this.model.updateAvatar(file);
  }

}

This version sends a request to (express) API, but multer (a library for parsing multipart/form-data requests) fails to parse the request.

So i guess i either use the HttpClient incorrectly, or it doesn't support multipart/form-data requests.

I guess one could send base64 encoded file or use XmlHttpRequest, but i ask specifically about HttpClient's ability to do it.

回答1:

For me the trick was not to set the content-type to multipart/form-data. But that was done automatically for me.

<label>
  <input type="file" (change)="setFiles($event)" style="display:none" multiple/>
  <a mat-raised-button color="primary">
    <mat-icon>file_upload</mat-icon>
    Select Documents
  </a>
</label>

Here's my code that uploads multipart/form-data. No need to set the headers.

private setFile(event) {
    let files = event.srcElement.files
    if (!files) {
      return
    }

    let path = `${environment.celoApiEndpoint}/api/patientFiles`
    let data = {"patientData": {
      "uid": "",
      "firstName": "",
      "lastName": "",
      "gender": "Not Specified",
      "dateOfBirth": ""
    }}
    // let headers = new HttpHeaders()
    //   .set('content-type', 'multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundary7MA4YWxkTrZu0gW')
    // let headers = new HttpHeaders().set('content-type', 'multipart/form-data')
    const formData: FormData = new FormData();

    for (let i = 0; i < files.length; i++) {
      formData.append(i.toString(), files[i], files[i].name);
    }
    formData.append("data", JSON.stringify(data));
    this.http.post(path, formData).subscribe(
      (r)=>{console.log('got r', r)}
    )
  }

回答2:

I dont think the issue is with angular, I used the same code to send a file to the server (I am using spring in backend), the only different is I am not observing the request or converting the response to promise.

see my code below

let formData: FormData = new FormData();

formData.append('file', this.fileToUpload);

this.http.put(this.usersUrl , formData) .subscribe(
    data => {
        console.log(data); 
    },
    error => {
        console.log(error);
    }
);