MVC 4 - Use a different model in partial view

问题:

Please bear with my noobness, I'm super new to the MVC pattern.

What I'm trying to do

I am building a profile information page for registered users on my site. This page would list data about the user, such as date of birth, telephone number, subscription status, etc.. You get the idea. I would also like to have a form to let users change their password, email address, personal information on the same page.

My problem

The user's data comes from my controller via a passed model variable:

public ActionResult Profil()
        {
            var model = db.Users.First(e => e.UserName == WebSecurity.CurrentUserName);
            return View(model);
        }

The output looks like this in my view:

<label>Phone number: </label>
            @if (Model.PhoneNumber != null)
                    {
                        @Model.PhoneNumber
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        <span class="red">You haven't set up your phone number yet. </span>
                    }

The form in which the user could change his info would use another model, ProfileModel. So basiccaly I need to use two models in my view, one for outputting information and one for posting data. I thought that using a partial view I can achieve this, but I get this error:

The model item passed into the dictionary is of type 'Applicense.Models.User', but this dictionary requires a model item of type 'Applicense.Models.ProfileModel'.

Here's what my call to the partial view looks like:

 @using (Html.BeginForm())
    {
        @Html.AntiForgeryToken()
        @Html.ValidationSummary()

        @Html.Partial("_ModifyProfileInfo")
    }

Here's the partial view:

@model Applicense.Models.ProfileModel
<ul>
    <li>
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.Email)
        @Html.EditorFor(m => m.Email)
    </li>
    <li>
        @Html.LabelFor(m => m.ConfirmEmail)
        @Html.EditorFor(m => m.ConfirmEmail)
    </li>
    <input type="submit" value="Update e-mail" />
</ul>

And finally here's my ProfileModel:

public class ProfileModel
    {
        [Required]
        [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
        [Display(Name = "New e-mail address")]
        public string Email { get; set; }

        [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
        [Display(Name = "Confirm new e-mail address")]
        [Compare("Email", ErrorMessage = "The e-mail and it's confirmation field do not match.")]
        public string ConfirmEmail { get; set; }
    }

Am I missing something? What's the proper way to do this?

Edit: I remade my code reflecting Nikola Mitev's answer, but now I have another problem. Here's the error I get:

Object reference not set to an instance of an object. (@Model.UserObject.LastName)

This only occurs when I'm posting the changed e-mail address values. Here's my ViewModel (ProfileModel.cs):

public class ProfileModel
    {
        public User UserObject { get; set; }

        [Required]
        [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
        [Display(Name = "Új e-mail cím")]
        public string Email { get; set; }

        [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
        [Display(Name = "Új e-mail cím megerősítése")]
        [Compare("Email", ErrorMessage = "A két e-mail cím nem egyezik.")]
        public string ConfirmEmail { get; set; }

        [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
        [Display(Name= "E-mail cím")]
        public string ReferEmail { get; set; }
    }

Controller:

public ActionResult Profil()
        {
            var User = db.Users.First(e => e.UserName == WebSecurity.CurrentUserName);

            var ProfileViewModel = new ProfileModel
            {
                UserObject = User
            };

            return View(ProfileViewModel);
        }

And finally here's my user.cs model class:

[Table("UserProfile")]
    public class User
    {
        [Key]
        [DatabaseGeneratedAttribute(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
        public int UserId { get; set; }
        [Column("UserName")]
        public string UserName { get; set; }
        [Column("Email")]
        [Required]
        public string Email { get; set; }
        [Column("FirstName")]
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        [Column("LastName")]
        public string LastName { get; set; }
        [Column("PhoneNumber")]
        public string PhoneNumber { get; set; }
... You get the idea of the rest...

I'm thinking it's happening because the model is trying to put data in each required columns into the database.

Edit2: The httppost method of my Profil action:

[HttpPost]
        [Authorize]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public ActionResult Profil(ProfileModel model)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
//insert into database
                return Content("everything's good");
            }
            else
            {
//outputs form errors
                return View(model);
            }
        }

回答1:

The best way to handle this situation is to use and pass viewModel to your Profile controller, viewModel is wrapper class for multiple objects that you want to pass to your view.

public class ProfileUserViewModel
{
   public ProfileModel ProfileModelObject {get; set;}
   public UserModel  UserModelObject {get; set;}
}   

Your controller should look like:

public ActionResult Profil()
{            
    var profileModel = db.Users.First(e => e.UserName == WebSecurity.CurrentUserName);
    var userModel = //fetch from db.

    var pmViewModel = new ProfileUserViewModel  
                          {
                              ProfileModelObject = profileModel,
                              UserModelObject = userModel
                          };

   return View(pmViewModel);
}

And finally your view :

@model Applicense.Models.ProfileUserViewModel

<label>Phone number: </label>

@if (Model.ProfileModelObject.PhoneNumber != null)
{
   @Model.PhoneNumber
}
else
{
    <span class="red">You haven't set up your phone number yet. </span>
}

回答2:

There is an overload of @Html.Partial which allows you to send ViewData as defined in your controller - this is the method I generally use for partial views. In your controller define ViewData["mypartialdata"] as ViewDataDictionary. Then in your view

@Html.Partial("_ModifyProfileInfo",ViewData["mypartialdata"])

回答3:

In your [HttpPost] profil function, if modelstate.isvalid is false, you return your edit view, but you need to define your pmViewModel again , other wise your partial view will not have an object to display. Try using the following and let us know what happens

[HttpPost]
[Authorize]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public ActionResult Profil(ProfileModel model)
{
    if (ModelState.IsValid)
    {
        //insert into database
        return Content("everything's good");
    }
    else
    {
        //outputs form errors
        var pmViewModel = new ProfileUserViewModel  
        {
            ProfileModelObject = profileModel,
            UserModelObject = userModel
        };

        return View(model);
    }
}

回答4:

While I know this question has been asked longtime ago however some people might still face a similar problem. One easy solution I use to pass or have more than one view model on a page is to use a ViewBag to hold the second object and refer to it in the view. See example bellow.

In your controller do this:

Obj2 personalDets = new Obj2();
DbContext ctx = new DbContext();
var details = ctx.GetPersonalInformation;

foreach(var item in details) {
    personalDets.Password = item.Password;
    personalDets .EmailAddress = item.EmailAddress; 
}

ViewBag.PersonalInformation = personalDets;

Then in your view those properties become readily available for you