How to design customized audio player with HTML

2020-05-24 06:02发布

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问题:

I have a layout for an audio player that I'd like to use with the HTML audio player element.

I was trying <audio></audio>, and it's giving me the default player:

Is there any way to change the style of the player to use the layout that I want to use?

回答1:

You can whip up a very nice looking set of custom audio controls for the HTML5 audio player pretty quickly. Using (mostly) basic HTML and CSS, with some light Javascript event handling is all that's required. This solution a fully-functional custom audio player based on the design provided.

The full code and example can be found in the jsFiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/mgaskill/zo3ede1c/. Click through and play with it as you like, because it really is a working audio player.

The Player

The player includes all of the elements described in the original design. You can see this (and compare to the original) in this first image:

In addition, I extended the design slightly by providing a collapsible "info tray", which is hidden and shown by pressing the "More Info" button on the right. You can see the tray deployed in the second image:

Sure, the colors aren't identical, and there may be pixel-specific differences from the original design, but it's very close. My core skill set is not CSS, so there's room for improvement there. However, it's very, very close to the original design, and retains all of the spirit, layout, and functionality of that design.

The Tools

This solution made use of a few external elements, for the sake of convenience. These are:

  • jQuery: because I typically prefer it over bare Javascript
  • jQueryUI: for the track progress and volume control, because the HTML5 progressbar isn't available on some browsers, notably older versions of IE and some mobile browsers
  • FontAwesome: for the play/pause and volume/mute button graphics
  • Noise Addicts Free MP3 Samples: for the brilliant Semper Fidelis March

The HTML

The HTML takes the approach of handling each component on the audio controls panel as a separate element. The HTML layout is pretty pedestrian, and the only interesting bits are really the use of the FontAwesome classes to achieve the initial state icons for the play/pause and volume/mute buttons.

<link href="http://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.6.3/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<link href="https://code.jquery.com/ui/1.11.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/ui/1.11.4/jquery-ui.min.js"></script>
<audio id="player">
    <source src="http://www.noiseaddicts.com/samples_1w72b820/2543.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" />
</audio>

<div id="audio-player">
    <div id="controls">
        <i id="play" class="fa fa-pause"></i>
        <span id="start-time" class="time">00:00</span>
        <div id="progressbar"></div>
        <span id="time" class="time">00:00</span>
        <i id="mute" class="fa fa-volume-up"></i>
        <div id="volume"></div>    
    </div>
    <div id="more-info-box">
        <span id="more-info">MORE INFO</span>
    </div>
    <div id="info-tray">
        Track: <span id="track">Semper Fidelis March</span>
    </div>
</div>

Note that the entirety of the audio controls are contained within the #audio-player element.

The CSS

The CSS gives life to the HTML, and in this case, is used to provide color, placement, and action.

#audio-player {
    height: 50px;
    width: 500px;
    overflow: hidden;
    background-color: #2B2B2B;
    color: white;
    -webkit-user-select: none; /* webkit (safari, chrome) browsers */
    -moz-user-select: none;    /* mozilla browsers */
    -khtml-user-select: none;  /* webkit (konqueror) browsers */
    -ms-user-select: none;     /* IE10+ */
}

#controls {
    height: 50px;
    background-color: #808080;
    width: 350px;
}

.time {
    font-size: 10px;
    color: white;
    position: relative;
    top: 14px;
    margin: 5px;
}

.ui-progressbar {
    background: #2B2B2B;
}

.ui-progressbar-value {
    background: white;
}

#progressbar, #volume {
    height: 10px;
    display: inline-block;
    border-radius: 0px;
    border: none;
    position: relative;
    top: 16px;
}

#progressbar {
    width: 150px;
}

#play, #mute {
    font-size: 16px;
    width: 20px;
    position: relative;
    top: 17px;
}

#play {
    margin-left: 15px;
}

#volume {
    width: 50px;
}

#more-info-box {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 150px;
    height: 50px;
    position: relative;
    left: 350px;
    top: -50px;
    padding-top: 18px;
    text-align: center;
    font-family: sans-serif;
    font-size: 12px;
    color: white;
}

#more-info-box, #more-info-box > span {
    cursor: context-menu;
}

#info-tray {
    display: inline-block;
    color: white;
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
    top: -65px;
    height: 50px;
    padding: 5px;
}

While most of this is pretty straightforward, there are some interesting things going on.

First, the #audio-player style invokes browser-specific (but not all-inclusive) styles to disable text selection of the controls:

-webkit-user-select: none; /* webkit (safari, chrome) browsers */
-moz-user-select: none;    /* mozilla browsers */
-khtml-user-select: none;  /* webkit (konqueror) browsers */
-ms-user-select: none;     /* IE10+ */

The jQueryUI progressbar controls are styled with bar colors using the pre-defined classes:

.ui-progressbar {
    background: #2B2B2B;
}

.ui-progressbar-value {
    background: white;
}

div-based controls are made to layout properly by changing their display layout:

display: inline-block;

Controls are placed explicitly in the proper locations using relative positioning:

position: relative;

The Javascript

The Javascript is largely oriented to handling events for the various controls and states.

var audio_player = $("#audio-player");
var play_button = $('#play');
var progress_bar = $("#progressbar");
var time = $("#time");
var mute_button = $('#mute');
var volume_bar = $('#volume');
var more_info = $('#more-info-box');
var info_tray = $("#info-tray");
var player = document.getElementById('player');
var duration = 0;
var volume = 0.75;

player.onloadedmetadata = function() {
    duration = player.duration;
    progress_bar.progressbar("option", { 'max' : duration });
};

player.load();
player.volume = 0.75;
player.addEventListener("timeupdate", function() {
    progress_bar.progressbar('value', player.currentTime);
    time.text(getTime(player.currentTime));
}, false);

function getTime(t) {
    var m=~~(t/60), s=~~(t % 60);
    return (m<10?"0"+m:m)+':'+(s<10?"0"+s:s);
}

function getProgressBarClickInfo(progress_bar, e) {
    var offset = progress_bar.position();
    var x = e.pageX - offset.left; // or e.offsetX (less support, though)
    var y = e.pageY - offset.top;  // or e.offsetY
    var max = progress_bar.progressbar("option", "max");
    var value = x * max / progress_bar.width();

    return { x: x, y: y, max: max, value: value };
}

volume_bar.progressbar({
    value : player.volume*100,
});

volume_bar.click(function(e) {
    var info = getProgressBarClickInfo($(this), e);
    volume_bar.progressbar('value', info.value);
    player.volume = info.value / info.max;
});

progress_bar.progressbar({
    value : player.currentTime,
});

progress_bar.click(function(e) {
    var info = getProgressBarClickInfo($(this), e);
    player.currentTime = player.duration / info.max * info.value;
});

play_button.click(function() {
    player[player.paused ? 'play' : 'pause']();
    $(this).toggleClass("fa-play", !player.paused);
    $(this).toggleClass("fa-pause", player.paused);
});

mute_button.click(function() {
    if (player.volume == 0) {
        player.volume = volume;
    } else {
        volume = player.volume;
        player.volume = 0;
    }

    volume_bar.progressbar('value', player.volume * 100);

    $(this).toggleClass("fa-volume-up", player.volume != 0);
    $(this).toggleClass("fa-volume-off", player.volume == 0);
});

more_info.click(function() {
    audio_player.animate({
        height: (audio_player.height() == 50) ? 100 : 50
    }, 1000);
});

The onloadedmetadata event handler is used to identify when the audio has been loaded, so that the track progress can be initialized to the audio track's length (duration).

The timeupdate event handler is used to update the track progress as the audio track plays. This allows the progress bar to grow to the right to reflect the current position in the audio track.

The volume and progress_bar elements are initialized with the jQueryUI progressbar control, and click handlers are set to allow the user to click within to change the position dynamically.

The play_button and mute_button handle clicks to change the play state (play/pause) or the audio state (volume on/off). These handlers dynamically swap in the appropriate FontAwesome class to properly reflect the current state on the button.

Finally, the more_info click handler shows/hides the information tray element. The hide/show is animated using the jQuery animate to provide a stereo component-like feel, reminiscent of a CD tray ejection. Plus, it gives a nice servo-like feel to the control. Because that's what I wanted it to do, and no other reason than that.



回答2:

As I know, you can't style the default player but you can create a custom player (based on your audio tag) using a plugin such as plyr.io, you can edit the plugin's style as you wish.

For example:

plyr.setup(document.querySelectorAll('.js-plyr'), {});
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.plyr.io/1.6.16/plyr.css">
<script src="https://cdn.plyr.io/1.6.16/plyr.js"></script>

<div class="js-plyr">
  <audio controls="" crossorigin="">
    <source src="https://cdn.selz.com/plyr/1.5/Kishi_Bashi_-_It_All_Began_With_a_Burst.mp3" type="audio/mp3">
    <source src="https://cdn.selz.com/plyr/1.5/Kishi_Bashi_-_It_All_Began_With_a_Burst.ogg" type="audio/ogg" />
  </audio>
</div>

http://jsbin.com/zajeji/edit?html,js,output



回答3:

Michael Gaskill your answer is great and I have used it in my project, and it help me a lot. But I had encountered some JS issues when try to click progress or volume, So I modified js code little. If someone also encounter JS issue, use this one. I hope it will help.

https://jsfiddle.net/xohcw6u7/1/

$(document).ready(function() {
        var audio_player = $("#audio-player");
    var play_button = $('#play');
    var progress_bar = $("#progressbar");
    var time = $("#time");
    var mute_button = $('#mute');
    var volume_bar = $('#volume');
    var more_info = $('#more-info-box');
    var player = $('#player')[0];
    var duration = 0;
    var volume = 0.5;
    var end_time = $('#end-time');
    player.onloadedmetadata = function () {
            duration = player.duration;
        var minutes = parseInt(duration / 60, 10);
        var seconds = parseInt(duration % 60);
        // finding and appending full duration of audio
        end_time.text(minutes + ':' + seconds);
        console.log('ddd', progress_bar)
        progress_bar.progressbar("option", { 'max': duration });
    };
    player.load();
    player.volume = 0.5;
    player.addEventListener("timeupdate", function () {
        progress_bar.progressbar('value', player.currentTime);
        time.text(getTime(player.currentTime));
    }, false);
    volume_bar.progressbar({
        value: player.volume * 100,
    });

    volume_bar.click(function (e) {
        var info = getProgressBarClickInfo($(this), e);
        volume_bar.progressbar('value', info.value);
        player.volume = info.value / info.max;
    });

    progress_bar.progressbar({
        value: player.currentTime,
    });

    progress_bar.click(function (e) {
        var info = getProgressBarClickInfo($(this), e);
        player.currentTime = player.duration / info.max * info.value;
    });

    play_button.click(function () {
        player[player.paused ? 'play' : 'pause']();
        $(this).toggleClass("fa-play", player.paused);
        $(this).toggleClass("fa-pause", !player.paused);
    });

    mute_button.click(function () {
        if (player.volume == 0) {
            player.volume = volume;
        } else {
            volume = player.volume;
            player.volume = 0;
        }

        volume_bar.progressbar('value', player.volume * 100);

        $(this).toggleClass("fa-volume-up", player.volume != 0);
        $(this).toggleClass("fa-volume-off", player.volume == 0);
    });

    more_info.click(function () {
        audio_player.animate({
          height: (audio_player.height() == 50) ? 100 : 50
        }, 1000);
    });
});
function getTime(t) {
    var m = ~~(t / 60), s = ~~(t % 60);
    return (m < 10 ? "0" + m : m) + ':' + (s < 10 ? "0" + s : s);
}

function getProgressBarClickInfo(progress_bar, e) {
    var offset = progress_bar.offset();
    var x = e.pageX - offset.left; // or e.offsetX (less support, though)
    var y = e.pageY - offset.top;  // or e.offsetY
    var max = progress_bar.progressbar("option", "max");
    var value = (x * max) / progress_bar.width();

    return { x: x, y: y, max: max, value: value };
}


标签： javascript css html html5-audio
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