How to initialize List in Kotlin?

问题:

I see Kotlin has a List<out E> collection and I was wondering about different ways to initialize one. In Java, I could write:

List<String> geeks = Arrays.asList("Fowler", "Beck", "Evans");

How can I achieve the same in Kotlin?

回答1:

listOf top-level function to the rescue:

val geeks = listOf("Fowler", "Beck", "Evans")

回答2:

Just for adding more info, Kotlin offers both immutable List and MutableList that can be initialized with listOf and mutableListOf. If you're more interested in what Kotlin offers regarding Collections, you can go to the official reference docs at Collections.

回答3:

Both the upvoted answers by Ilya and gmariotti are good and correct. Some alternatives are however spread out in comments, and some are not mentioned at all.

This answer includes a summary of the already given ones, along with clarifications and a couple of other alternatives.

Immutable lists (List)

Immutable, or read-only lists, are lists which cannot have elements added or removed.

• As Ilya points out, listOf() often does what you want. This creates an immutable list, similar to Arrays.asList in Java.
• As frogcoder states in a comment, emptyList() does the same, but naturally returns an empty list.
• listOfNotNull() returns an immutable list excluding all null elements.

Mutable lists (MutableList)

Mutable lists can have elements added or removed.

• gmariotti suggests using mutableListOf(), which typically is what you want when you need to add or remove elements from the list.
• Greg T gives the alternative, arrayListOf(). This creates a mutable ArrayList. In case you really want an ArrayList implementation, use this over mutableListOf().
• For other List implementations, which have not got any convenience functions, they can be initialized as, for example, val list = LinkedList<String>(). That is simply create the object by calling its constructor. Use this only if you really want, for example, a LinkedList implementation.

回答4:

Let me explain some use-cases : let's create an immutable(non changeable) list with initializing items :

val myList = listOf("one" , "two" , "three")

let's create a Mutable (changeable) list with initializing fields :

val myList = mutableListOf("one" , "two" , "three")

Let's declare an immutable(non changeable) and then instantiate it :

lateinit var myList : List<String>
// and then in the code :
myList = listOf("one" , "two" , "three")

And finally add some extra items to each :

val myList = listOf("one" , "two" , "three")
myList.add() //Unresolved reference : add, no add method here as it is non mutable 

val myMutableList = mutableListOf("one" , "two" , "three")
myMutableList.add("four") // it's ok 

回答5:

In this way, you can initialize the List in Kotlin

val alphabates : List<String> = listOf("a", "b", "c")