Split string with zsh as in Python

问题:

In python:

s = '1::3'
a = s.split(':')
print a[0] # '1' good
print a[1] # '' good
print a[2] # '3' good

How can I achieve the same effect with zsh?

The following attempt fails:

string="1::3"
a=(${(s/:/)string})
echo $a[1] # 1
echo $a[2] # 3 ?? I want an empty string, as in Python

回答1:

The solution is to use the @ modifier, as indicated in the zsh docs:

string="1::3"
a=("${(@s/:/)string}") # @ modifier

By the way, if one has the choice of the delimiter, it's much easier and less error prone to use a newline as a delimiter. The right way to split the lines with zsh is then:

a=("${(f)string}")

I don't know whether or not the quotes are necessary here as well...

回答2:

This will work in both zsh (with setopt shwordsplit or zsh -y) and Bash (zero-based arrays):

s="1::3"
saveIFS="$IFS"
IFS=':'
a=(${s})
IFS="$saveIFS"