Django filter the model on ManyToMany count?

问题:

Suppose I have something like this in my models.py:

class Hipster(models.Model):
  name = CharField(max_length=50)

class Party(models.Model):
  organiser = models.ForeignKey()
  participants = models.ManyToManyField(Profile, related_name="participants")

Now in my views.py I would like to do a query which would fetch a party for the user where there are more than 0 participants.

Something like this maybe:

user = Hipster.get(pk=1) 
hip_parties = Party.objects.filter(organiser=user, len(participants) > 0)

What's the best way of doing it?

回答1:

If this works this is how I would do it.

Best way can mean a lot of things: best performance, most maintainable, etc. Therefore I will not say this is the best way, but I like to stick to the ORM features as much as possible since it seems more maintainable.

from django.db.models import Count

user = Hipster.objects.get(pk=1) 
hip_parties = (Party.objects.annotate(num_participants=Count('participants'))
                            .filter(organiser=user, num_participants__gt=0))

回答2:

Party.objects.filter(organizer=user, participants__isnull=False)
Party.objects.filter(organizer=user, participants=None)

回答3:

Easier with exclude:

# organized by user and has more than 0 participants
Party.objects.filter(organizer=user).exclude(participants=None)

Also returns distinct results

回答4:

Derived from @Yuji-'Tomita'-Tomita answer, I've also added .distinct('id') to exclude the duplitate records:

Party.objects.filter(organizer=user, participants__isnull=False).distinct('id')

Therefore, each party is listed only once.