How to allocate and free aligned memory in C

问题:

How do you allocate memory that's aligned to a specific boundary in C (e.g., cache line boundary)? I'm looking for malloc/free like implementation that ideally would be as portable as possible --- at least between 32 and 64 bit architectures.

Edit to add: In other words, I'm looking for something that would behave like (the now obsolete?) memalign function, which can be freed using free.

回答1:

Here is a solution, which encapsulates the call to malloc, allocates a bigger buffer for alignment purpose, and stores the original allocated address just before the aligned buffer for a later call to free.

// cache line
#define ALIGN 64

void *aligned_malloc(int size) {
    void *mem = malloc(size+ALIGN+sizeof(void*));
    void **ptr = (void**)((uintptr_t)(mem+ALIGN+sizeof(void*)) & ~(ALIGN-1));
    ptr[-1] = mem;
    return ptr;
}

void aligned_free(void *ptr) {
    free(((void**)ptr)[-1]);
}

回答2:

Use posix_memalign/free.

int posix_memalign(void **memptr, size_t alignment, size_t size); 

void* ptr;
int rc = posix_memalign(&ptr, alignment, size);
...
free(ptr)

posix_memalign is a standard replacement for memalign which, as you mention is obsolete.

回答3:

What compiler are you using? If you're on MSVC, you can try _aligned_malloc() and _aligned_free().