Merge all lines that are identical aside from a ke

问题:

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I've been looking at a lot of posts and haven't quite found what I'm looking for. I'm not sure how to go about taking the following sample data:

host1   input   nic1    ip1 ip2 PROT    30000   10
host1   input   nic1    ip1 ip2 PROT    40000   10
host1   input   nic1    ip1 ip2 PROT    50000   10
host1   input   nic1    ip1 ip2 PROT    60000   10
host1   input   nic1    ip3 ip2 PROT    10      30000
host1   input   nic1    ip3 ip2 PROT    10      40000
host1   input   nic1    ip3 ip2 PROT    10      50000
host1   input   nic1    ip3 ip2 PROT    10      60000
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip1 PROT    10      30000
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip1 PROT    10      40000
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip1 PROT    10      50000
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip1 PROT    10      60000
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip3 PROT    30000   10
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip3 PROT    40000   10
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip3 PROT    50000   10
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip3 PROT    60000   10
host1   output  loc     ip2 ip2 PROT    10      30000
host1   output  loc     ip2 ip2 PROT    10      50000

And merge it into:

host1   input   nic1    ip1 ip2 PROT    30000:60000 10
host1   input   nic1    ip3 ip2 PROT    10          30000:60000
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip1 PROT    10          30000:60000
host1   output  nic1    ip2 ip3 PROT    30000:60000 10
host1   output  loc     ip2 ip2 PROT    10          30000:50000

I have a large amount of data like this with the need to make ranges for multiple fields of a given line but I think if somebody can show me how to do it for one field as I have above, I should be able to figure the rest out. And if not I'll follow up :). Thanks in advance for any help.

回答1:

Update

I have refactored the code in the answer below so as to make it more readable. The main body should read almost English prose.

#!/usr/bin/awk -f
# main body
NR == 1 {
  copyRecordTo(veryold)
  next
}
{
  if (inSameGroup()) {
    copyRecordTo(old)
  } else {
    makeRangeForField(NF - 1)
    makeRangeForField(NF)
    nicePrint()
    copyRecordTo(veryold)
  }
}
END {
  makeRangeForField(NF - 1)
  makeRangeForField(NF)
  nicePrint()
}

# functions
function copyRecordTo(line) {
  for (i = 1; i <= NF; ++i) line[i] = $i
}
function nicePrint() {
  for (i = 1; i <= NF; ++i) {
    i == NF - 1 ? fmt = "%s\t\t" : fmt = "%s\t"
    printf(fmt, old[i])
  }
  printf("\n")
}
function makeRangeForField(f) {
  if (old[f] != veryold[f])
    old[f] = veryold[f]":"old[f]
}
function inSameGroup() {
  b = 1
  for (i = 1; i <= NF - 2; ++i)
    b *= $i == veryold[i]
  return b == 1
}

Original answer

The following awk script generates almost what you are looking for.

Essentially the script does the following:

• stores in veryold the first line of each set of lines that differ only for the 7th and/or 8th filed
• stores in old the last read line
• the "boolean" b is used to check when that last line is surpassed
• when this happens the last two fields of veryold are joined with those of old with a : in between if they are different, and old is printed
• one more tab \t is used between the last two fields to improve readability

Other two points:

• NR == 1 is a special case that has to initialize veryold only
• after the last line is read END handles the special case of the last line stored in old

#!/usr/bin/awk -f
NR == 1 {
  for (i = 2; i <= NF; ++i) {
    veryold[i] = $i
  }
  next
}
{
  b = 1
  for (i = 2; i <= NF - 2; ++i) {
    b *= $i == veryold[i]
  }
  if (b == 1) {
    for (i = 1; i <= NF; ++i) {
      old[i] = $i
    }
  } else {
    if (old[NF - 1] != veryold[NF - 1]) {
      old[NF - 1] = veryold[NF - 1]":"old[NF - 1]
    }
    if (old[NF] != veryold[NF]) {
      old[NF] = veryold[NF]":"old[NF]
    }
    for (i = 1; i <= NF; ++i) {
      if (i == NF - 1) {
        fmt = "%s\t\t"
      } else {
        fmt = "%s\t"
      }
      printf(fmt, old[i])
    }
    printf("\n")
    for (i = 2; i <= NF; ++i) {
      veryold[i] = $i
    }
  }
}
END {
  if (old[NF - 1] != veryold[NF - 1]) {
    old[NF - 1] = veryold[NF - 1]":"old[NF - 1]
  }
  if (old[NF] != veryold[NF]) {
    old[NF] = veryold[NF]":"old[NF]
  }
  for (i = 1; i <= NF; ++i) {
    if (i == NF - 1) {
      fmt = "%s\t\t"
    } else {
      fmt = "%s\t"
    }
    printf(fmt, old[i])
  }
}