Assuming my current rule when programming with range-based loops says
Use for(auto const &e :...)
or for(auto &e:...)
when possible over for(auto a: ...)
.
I base this on my own experience and this question for example.
But after reading about the new terse for loops I wonder, should I not replace my &
in my rule with &&
? As written here this looks like the Meyers' Universal References.
So, I ask myself, should my new rule either be
Use for(auto const &&e :...)
or for(auto &&e:...)
when possible ...
or does that not always work and therefore should rather be the quite complicated one
Check if for(auto const &&e :...)
or for(auto &&e:...)
is possible, then consider for(auto const &e :...)
or for(auto &e:...)
, and only when needed do not use references.
When and if you should use auto&&
in for loops has been explained very nicely by Howard Hinnant here.
This leaves the question what x
in
auto &&x = ...expr...
actually is. And it is handled as if there there were a function template definition
template <class U> void f(const U& u);
and the type of x
is deduced by the same tules as u
[§7.1.6.4.(7)].
This means it is not handled as a RValue Reference, but as a "Universal/Forwarding Reference" -- the "Reference Collapsing Rules" apply.
This also holds for
const auto &&x = ...expr...
as the example in §7.1.6.4.(7) states, at least for const auto &x
.
But, as PiotrS says in the questions comments, any qualifiers nullifies the URef-ness:
no, because neither T
in template<class T> void f(const T&&)
is a forwarding reference, nor const auto&&
is. The fact that T&&
occurs in parameter declaration does not imply it is forwarding reference. Only pure T&&
with no qualifiers like const
or volatile
is forwarding reference, meaning it has to be template<class T> void f(T&&)
or auto&&
, and never const T&&
or const auto&&