How to edit Docker container files from the host?

问题:

Now that I found a way to expose host files to the container (-v option) I would like to do kind of the opposite:

How can I edit files from a running container with a host editor?

sshfs could probably do the job but since a running container is already some kind of host directory I wonder if there is a portable (between aufs, btrfs and device mapper) way to do that?

回答1:

Whilst it is possible, and the other answers explain how, you should avoid editing files in the Union File System if you can.

Your definition of volumes isn't quite right - it's more about bypassing the Union File System than exposing files on the host. For example, if I do:

$ docker run --name="test" -v /volume-test debian echo "test"

The directory /volume-test inside the container will not be part of the Union File System and instead will exist somewhere on the host. I haven't specified where on the host, as I may not care - I'm not exposing host files, just creating a directory that is shareable between containers and the host. You can find out exactly where it is on the host with:

$ docker inspect -f "{{.Volumes}}" test
map[/volume_test:/var/lib/docker/vfs/dir/b7fff1922e25f0df949e650dfa885dbc304d9d213f703250cf5857446d104895]

If you really need to just make a quick edit to a file to test something, either use docker exec to get a shell in the container and edit directly, or use docker cp to copy the file out, edit on the host and copy back in.

回答2:

The best way is:

  $ docker cp CONTAINER:FILEPATH LOCALFILEPATH
  $ vi LOCALFILEPATH
  $ docker cp LOCALFILEPATH CONTAINER:FILEPATH

Limitations with $ docker exec: it can only attach to a running container.

Limitations with $ docker run: it will create a new container.

回答3:

I use sftp plugin from my IDE.

1. Install ssh server for your container and allow root access.
2. Run your docker container with -p localport:22
3. Install from your IDE a sftp plugin

Example using sublime sftp plugin: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMfjt_YMru0

回答4:

Here's the script I use:

#!/bin/bash
IFS=$'\n\t'
set -euox pipefail


CNAME="$1"
FILE_PATH="$2"

TMPFILE="$(mktemp)"
docker exec "$CNAME" cat "$FILE_PATH" > "$TMPFILE"
$EDITOR "$TMPFILE"
cat "$TMPFILE" | docker exec -i "$CNAME" sh -c 'cat > '"$FILE_PATH"
rm "$TMPFILE"

and the gist for when I fix it but forget to update this answer: https://gist.github.com/dmohs/b50ea4302b62ebfc4f308a20d3de4213

回答5:

We can use another way to edit files inside working containers (this won't work if container is stoped).

Logic is to:
-)copy file from container to host
-)edit file on host using its host editor
-)copy file back to container

We can do all this steps manualy, but i have written simple bash script to make this easy by one call.

/bin/dmcedit:

#!/bin/sh
set -e

CONTAINER=$1
FILEPATH=$2
BASE=$(basename $FILEPATH)
DIR=$(dirname $FILEPATH)
TMPDIR=/tmp/m_docker_$(date +%s)/

mkdir $TMPDIR
cd $TMPDIR
docker cp $CONTAINER:$FILEPATH ./$DIR
mcedit ./$FILEPATH
docker cp ./$FILEPATH $CONTAINER:$FILEPATH
rm -rf $TMPDIR

echo 'END'
exit 1;

Usage example:

dmcedit CONTAINERNAME /path/to/file/in/container

The script is very easy, but it's working fine for me.

Any suggestions are appreciated.

回答6:

If you think your volume is a "network drive", it will be easier. To edit the file located in this drive, you just need to turn on another machine and connect to this network drive, then edit the file like normal.

How to do that purely with docker (without FTP/SSH ...)?

1. Run a container that has an editor (VI, Emacs). Search Docker hub for "alpine vim"

Example:

docker run -d --name shared_vim_editor \
 -v <your_volume>:/home/developer/workspace \
jare/vim-bundle:latest

2. Run the interactive command:

docker exec -it -u root shared_vim_editor /bin/bash

Hope this helps.

回答7:

docker run -it -name YOUR_NAME IMAGE_ID /bin/bash

$>vi path_to_file

回答8:

The following worked for me

docker run -it IMAGE_NAME /bin/bash

eg. my image was called ipython/notebook

docker run -it ipython/notebook /bin/bash