2D array dynamic memory allocation crashes [duplic

问题:

This question already has answers here:

Closed 7 years ago.

Possible Duplicate:
How do I correctly set up, access, and free a multidimensional array in C?

I am trying to dynamically allocate memory for a 2D array using calloc. The columns are fixed as 2 so its only the rows that are dynamic.

Here is what I have been trying :

unsigned int **pts, rows;
int main()
{
    //some code

    pts = (unsigned int **)calloc(2*rows, sizeof (unsigned int **));
}


//The code to access the array :
for(k=1;k<=i;k++)
{
    printf("\nX%d=",k);
    scanf("%d",&pts[k][0]);
    printf("\nY%d=",k);
    scanf("%d",&pts[k][1]);
}

But the problem is, while accessing the array, the program crashes. I am using Eclipse with MinGW GCC.

Please let me know if I need to put more data here or give me some idea how I can deal with this, as this is my first post.

回答1:

Tudor's answer is the correct solution. But to provide a bit more insight into why your code is wrong....

What your code is really doing is just to allocate an array, of length 2 * rows, of pointer to pointer to type int.

What you are trying to create is this:

an array of int** -> int* -> int
                          -> int
                          -> int
                          -> ...more
                  -> int* -> int
                          -> int
                          -> int
                          -> ...more
                  -> int* -> int
                          -> int
                          -> int
                          -> ...more
                  -> ...more

What you have actually created is this:

an array of int** -> int* -> nothing (null address)
                  -> int* -> nothing...
                  -> ...more

You then attempt to assign an int to one of the null address pointed by one of the zero-initialized int* in your array of int** (You see, calloc has made sure that all your int*'s are zero)

When you are trying to execute

scanf("%d",&pts[k][0]);

pts[k] refers to the (k - 1)th element in your array of int**, but as shown above, though your code has allocated space for this element indeed, it has initialized it as zero. So, this pts[k] points at NULL. So scanf has obtained an address based on a zero offset from the NULL address... It should be now clear to you that this is invalid.

回答2:

Here's the way to do it:

pts = (unsigned int **)calloc(rows, sizeof (unsigned int *));
for(int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
    pts[i] = (unsigned int *)calloc(2, sizeof (unsigned int));
}