C compile : collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit st

问题:

I tried to search for that bug online but all the posts are for C++.

This is the message:

test1.o: In function ReadDictionary': /home/johnny/Desktop/haggai/test1.c:13: undefined reference toCreateDictionary' collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [test1] Error 1

super simple code and can't understand what's the problem

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "dict.h"
#include "hash.h"


pHash ReadDictionary() {
    /* This function reads a dictionary line by line from the standard input. */
    pHash dictionary;
    char entryLine[100] = "";
    char *word, *translation;

    dictionary = CreateDictionary();
    while (scanf("%s", entryLine) == 1) { // Not EOF
        word = strtok(entryLine, "=");
        translation = strtok(NULL, "=");
        AddTranslation(dictionary, word, translation);
    }
    return dictionary;
}

int main() {
    pHash dicti;
...

now this is the header dict.h

#ifndef _DICT_H_
#define _DICT_H_

#include "hash.h"

pHash CreateDictionary();
...

#endif

and here is the dict.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "hash.h"
#include "dict.h"


pHash CreateDectionary()
{
    pHash newDict;
    newDict= HashCreate(650, HashWord, PrintEntry, CompareWords, GetEntryKey, DestroyEntry);
    return newDict;
}

and if you wanna check hash.h

#ifndef _HASH_H_
#define _HASH_H_

//type defintions//
typedef enum {FAIL = 0, SUCCESS} Result;
typedef enum {SAME = 0, DIFFERENT} CompResult;

typedef struct _Hash Hash, *pHash;

typedef void* pElement;
typedef void* pKey;

//function types//
typedef int (*HashFunc) (pKey key, int size);
typedef Result (*PrintFunc) (pElement element);
typedef CompResult (*CompareFunc) (pKey key1, pKey key2);
typedef pKey (*GetKeyFunc) (pElement element);
typedef void (*DestroyFunc)(pElement element);
...

//interface functions//

#endif

Maybe it will be easier if I give you the files here?

Any way, I will be happy for tips on how to understand the problem

回答1:

Your problem is the typo in the function CreateDectionary().You should change it to CreateDictionary(). collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status is the same problem in both C and C++, usually it means that you have unresolved symbols. In your case is the typo that i mentioned before.

回答2:

install this

sudo apt install libgl-dev libglu-dev libglib2.0-dev libsm-dev libxrender-dev libfontconfig1-dev libxext-dev

http://www.qtcentre.org/threads/69625-collect2-error-ld-returned-1-exit-status

回答3:

I got this problem, and tried many ways to solve it. Finally, it turned out that make clean and make again solved it. The reason is: I got the source code together with object files compiled previously with an old gcc version. When my newer gcc version wants to link that old object files, it can't resolve some function in there. It happens to me several times that the source code distributors do not clean up before packing, so a make clean saved the day.

回答4:

sometimes this error came beacause failed to compile in middlest of any build. The best way to try is by doing make clean and again make the whole code .

回答5:

When compiling your program, you need to include dict.c as well, eg:

gcc -o test1 test1.c dict.c

Plus you have a typo in dict.c definition of CreateDictionary, it says CreateDectionary (e instead of i)

回答6:

generally this problem occurred when we have called a function which has not been define in the program file, so to sort out this problem check whether have you called such function which has not been define in the program file.

回答7:

1. Go to Advanced System Settings in the computer properties
2. Click on Advanced
3. Click for the environment variable
4. Choose the path option
5. Change the path option to bin folder of dev c
6. Apply and save it
7. Now resave the code in the bin folder in developer c