How to Add Linux Executable Files to .gitignore?

问题:

How do you add linux executable files to .gitignore without giving them an explicit extension and without placing them in a specific or /bin directory? Most are named the same as the C file from which they were compiled without the ".c" extension.

回答1:

Can you ignore all, but source code files?

For example:

*
!*.c
!Makefile

回答2:

I would explicitly put them in the project .gitignore. It's not elegant, but I imagine your project doesn't have that many of them.

回答3:

Most developers usually have a build directory in their project where the actual build process in run. So, all executables, .o, .so, .a, etc. are there and this build directory is added into the .gitignore.

回答4:

A way of generating differences against your .gitignore in one go from all the executable files from current dir:

find . -perm /111 -type f | sed 's#^./##' | sort | diff -u .gitignore -

this generates a diff meaning you don't lose any manual changes to the file. This assumes your .gitignore file is already sorted. The sed part just strips the leading ./ that find generates.

There's no automatic way to ignore only executable files, so you're always going to have to man-manage the file.

回答5:

I wrote a script to automatically add ELF executables to .gitignore.

git-ignore-elf:

#!/bin/sh
set -eu
cd "$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)"
file=.gitignore
new=$file.new.$$
(
if [ -e "$file" ]; then
    cat "$file"
fi
find . -name .git -prune -o -type f ! -name '*.o' ! -name '*.so' \
    -print0 | xargs -0 file | grep ': *ELF ' | sed 's/:.*//' |
sed 's,^./,,'
) | perl -ne 'print if !$already{$_}++' >"$new"
mv "$new" "$file"

Features:

• starts looking from the top-level folder (might be a misfeature!)
• ignores ELF files, excluding .o and .so files which can be ignored with a generic rule
• preserves existing entries in .gitignore without duplicating them

This single-script version is here: http://sam.nipl.net/b/git-ignore-elf-1

Here is a more modular version, which depends on other scripts (git-root, find-elf, uniqo) from the same place: http://sam.nipl.net/b/git-ignore-elf