Possible to pass parameters to TestNG DataProvider

问题:

We would like to run some of our tests each against a set of data values, verifying that the same conditions hold true for each. The data is currently stored in either flat files or in simple Excel spreadsheets.

My first thought was to create a TestNG DataProvider that would load the data from the file and be used to call the test method once for each data value. My problem is that different tests need to load data from different files and there doesn't appear to be any way to send a parameter to the DataProvider. Does anyone know if this is possible?

Ideally, I would like my code to look like the following (simplified example):

public class OddTest {
    @DataProvider(name = "excelLoader")
    public Iterator<Object[]> loadExcelData(String fileName) {
        ...
    }

    @Test(dataProvider = "excelLoader" dataProviderParameters = { "data.xls" })
    public void checkIsOddWorks(int num)
        assertTrue(isOdd(num));
    }
}

回答1:

You can access all defined parameters in your DataProvider using TestNG's dependency injection capabilies. This is some example DataProvider in need of the "test_param" parameter:

@DataProvider(name = "usesParameter")
public Object[][] provideTestParam(ITestContext context) {
    String testParam = context.getCurrentXmlTest().getParameter("test_param");
    return new Object[][] {{ testParam }};
}

This requires "test_param" to be defined in you suite.xml:

<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd" >
<suite name="suite">
    <parameter name="test_param" value="foo" />
    <test name="tests">
        <classes>
            ...
        </classes>
    </test>
</suite>

See the TestNG JavaDoc for details on the ITestContext class.

回答2:

Taken from the TestNG docs:

If you declare your @DataProvider as taking a java.lang.reflect.Method as first parameter, TestNG will pass the current test method for this first parameter. This is particularly useful when several test methods use the same @DataProvider and you want it to return different values depending on which test method it is supplying data for.

For example, the following code prints the name of the test method inside its @DataProvider:

@DataProvider(name = "dp")
public Object[][] createData(Method m) {
  System.out.println(m.getName());  // print test method name
  return new Object[][] { new Object[] { "Cedric" }};
}

@Test(dataProvider = "dp")
  public void test1(String s) {
}

@Test(dataProvider = "dp")
  public void test2(String s) {
}

and will therefore display:

test1
test2

This can also be combined with the solution provided by desolat to determine data from the context and the method accordingly:

    @DataProvider(name = "dp")
    public Object[][] foodp(ITestContext ctx, Method method) {
        // ...
    }

回答3:

A more generic way of doing this would be to make use of the groups annotation to build a custom list of values:

@DataProvider(name = "excelLoader")
public Object[][] createData(Method m) {
    ArrayList<Object[]> excelFiles = new ArrayList<Object[]>;
    // iterate over all the groups listed in the annotation
    for (String excelFile : ((Test) m.getAnnotation(Test.class)).groups()) {
        // add each to the list
        excelFiles.add(new Object[] { excelFile });
    }
    // convert the list to an array
    return excelFiles.toArray(new Object[excelFiles.size()]);
}

@Test(dataProvider = "excelLoader", groups = { "data1", "data2" })
public void test1(String excelFile) {
    // we will test "data1.xls" and "data2.xls" in this test
    String testExcelFile = excelFile + ".xls";
}

@Test(dataProvider = "excelLoader", groups = { "data2", "data3" })
public void test2(String excelFile) {
    // we will test "data2.xls" and "data3.xls" in this test
    String testExcelFile = excelFile + ".xls";
}

Alternatively you could also create your own annotation class that takes in custom elements so that you could do something more like:

@Retention(java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({METHOD, TYPE, CONSTRUCTOR})
public @interface FilesToTest {
    public String[] value() default {};
}

@DataProvider(name = "excelLoader")
public Object[][] createData(Method m) {
    ArrayList<Object[]> excelFiles = new ArrayList<Object[]>;
    // iterate over all the groups listed in the annotation
    for (String excelFile : ((FilesToTest) m.getAnnotation(FilesToTest.class)).value()) {
        // add each to the list
        excelFiles.add(new Object[] { excelFile });
    }
    // convert the list to an array
    return excelFiles.toArray(new Object[excelFiles.size()]);
}

@Test(dataProvider = "excelLoader")
@FilesToTest({ "data1.xls", "data2.xls" })
public void myTest(String excelFile) {
    // we will test "data1.xls" and "data2.xls" in this test
}

回答4:

The answer from yshua is a bit limiting because you still have to hardcode the filepaths inside your data provider. This means you'd have to change the source code and then recompile to just rerun the test. This defeats the purpose of using XML files to configure the test run.

A better, definitely more hacky, kludge of a solution would be to create a dummy @test method that runs before suite, takes your filepaths as parameters and saves this information within the Class housing these test methods.

This solution isn't perfect, but until TestNG permits better parameter passing (Maybe this has changed) this might be viable for your needs.

回答5:

To add to my answer above, heres the complete code of how you can do it using EasyTest Framework:

@RunWith(DataDrivenTestRunner.class)
public class MyTestClass {

@Test
@DataLoader(filePaths={myTestFile.xls}, loaderType=LoaderType.EXCEL)
public void testFirstMethod(@Param()
Map<String, Object> inputData) {
    System.out.print("Executing testFirstMethod:");
    System.out.println("library Id : " + inputData.get("LibraryId"));

}

@Test
@DataLoader(filePaths={mySecondTestFile.xls}, loaderType=LoaderType.EXCEL)
public void testSecondMethod(@Param(name="input")
MyClassObject inputData) {
    System.out.print("Executing testSecondMethod:");
    System.out.println("library Id : " + inputData.get("LibraryId"));

}

And so on. If you want to know more about how the @DataLoader annotation works in EasyTest, look at the following: https://github.com/EaseTech/easytest/wiki/EasyTest-:-Loading-Data-using-Excel

Note that you can use XML, Excel, CSV or your own custom loader to load the data and all can be used in the same test class at once as shown in this example : https://github.com/EaseTech/easytest/blob/master/src/test/java/org/easetech/easytest/example/TestCombinedLoadingAndWriting.java

I hope it was useful.