How do I retrieve the value of a specific XML node

问题:

I am looking for a Javascript solution to this problem:

I have an XML document which is loaded by way of a typical AJAX method:

var xml = http.responseXML;

Consider the following example xml snippet:

<main>
    <primary>
         <enabled>true</enabled>
     </primary>
     <secondary>
         <enabled>true</enabled>
     </secondary>
 </main>

I would like to get the value of a node by specifying the path as follows:

var second_enabled = getNodeValueByPath('main/secondary/enabled', xml);

I cannot find any concise way of doing something like this. I seem to be forced to iterate through node collections after using getElementsByTagName and the like.

How would I construct the method getNodeValueByPath or is there some construct in Javascript that allows for this?

I am not well versed in Javascript.

EDIT: Here is an example that shows my attempt at using XPath and how it is failing:

XML:

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<main xmlns="example.com">
  <primary>
    <enabled>true</enabled>
  </primary>
  <secondary>
    <enabled>false</enabled>
  </secondary>
</main>

JavaScript: (these are the relevant functions only)

function useHttpResponse()
{
    if (http.readyState == 4)
    {
        if(http.status == 200)
        {
            var xml = http.responseXML;
            var evalue = getXMLValueByPath('/main/secondary/enabled', xml);
            alert(evalue);
        }
    }
}

function getXMLValueByPath(nodepath, xml)
{
    var result = xml.evaluate(nodepath, xml, null, XPathResult.STRING_TYPE, null).stringValue;
    return result;
}

I am using the above JavaScript without any additional libraries. I am using Mozilla Firefox 3.6.13 which uses the document.evaluate method to select nodes (according to this information from w3schools). This application is for internal use and does not have to work on multiple browsers.

Given these examples, the alert dialog will appear, but contain no text. If I remove the string xmlns="example.com" from the XML document, the alert dialog appears with the text "false" as desired.

Debugging using Firebug shows that resultNode is an empty string as long as the namespace is declared.

回答1:

This is FAQ: In XPath 1.0, a QName test without prefix selects elements under the null (or empty) namespace URI. So you need to register a prefix to the default namespace URI from your input source (example.com).

How do you do that with DOM 3 XPath API?

From http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-3-XPath/xpath.html#XPathEvaluator-evaluate

evaluate
Evaluates an XPath expression string and returns a result of the specified type if possible.
Parameters
[...]
resolver of type XPathNSResolver
The resolver permits translation of all prefixes, including the xml namespace prefix, within the XPath expression into appropriate namespace URIs. If this is specified as null, any namespace prefix within the expression will result in DOMException being thrown with the code NAMESPACE_ERR.

And from https://developer.mozilla.org/en/DOM/document.evaluate

var xpathResult = document.evaluate(
 xpathExpression, 
 contextNode, 
 namespaceResolver, 
 resultType, 
 result);

• namespaceResolver is a function that will be passed any namespace prefixes and should return a string representing the namespace URI associated with that prefix. It will be used to resolve prefixes within the XPath itself, so that they can be matched with the document. null is common for HTML documents or when no namespace prefixes are used.

Following this guide, you can use document.createNSResolver or a function like:

function nsResolver(prefix) {   
  return prefix == 'ex' ? 'example.com' : null;   
}  

function useHttpResponse()
{
  if (http.readyState == 4)
  {
     if (http.status == 200)
     {
        var xml = http.responseXML;
        var evalue = xml.evaluate('string(/ex:main/ex:secondary/ex:enabled)',
                                  xml,
                                  nsResolver,
                                  XPathResult.STRING_TYPE,
                                  null);
        alert(evalue.stringValue);
     }
  }
}     

回答2:

var xpathtosearchfor = '//div';
var result = new XPathEvaluator().evaluate(xpathtosearchfor,
    document.documentElement, null, XPathResult.FIRST_ORDERED_NODE_TYPE, null);

In firefox at least

回答3:

I've been playing around with the same thing, I tried a few XPath JS libraries, here's one: http://js-xpath.sourceforge.net/, but having said that, I couldn't get stuff working so I'll be watching this question avidly :)

Also, at SO: Cross-browser XPath implementation in JavaScript

回答4:

XmlDocument xDoc = new XmlDocument();
xDoc.Load("d:\\one.xml");
XmlNode xNode = xDoc.SelectSingleNode(@"//main/secondary/enabled");
string result = ((XmlElement)xNode).FirstChild.Value;